अतीत

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अतीत (atīta).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ə.t̪iːt̪/, [ɐ.t̪iːt̪]

• Audio:

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Adjective

अतीत • (atīt) (indeclinable)

1. elapsed, done, passed

   Synonym: बीता हुआ (bītā huā)

2. former, previous
3. liberated, freed [with से (se) ‘from’]
4. (euphemistic) dead; late

Noun

अतीत • (atīt) m

1. the past

   Synonym: भूतकाल (bhūtkāl)

Declension

Declension of अतीत (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अतीत atīt	अतीत atīt
oblique	अतीत atīt	अतीतों atītõ
vocative	अतीत atīt	अतीतो atīto

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “अतीत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “अतीत”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘀𑘝𑘲𑘝 (atīta, “transcended”), from Sanskrit अतीत (atīta).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ə.t̪it̪/, [ə.t̪iːt̪]

Adjective

अतीत • (atīt)

1. passed, surpassed, transcended, gone by

Noun

अतीत • (atīt) m

1. (rare) the past

   Synonym: भूतकाळ (bhūtkāḷ)

Declension

Declension of अतीत (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	अतीत atīt
direct plural	अतीत atīt
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	अतीत atīt		अतीत atīt
oblique सामान्यरूप	अतीता atītā		अतीतां- atītān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	अतीताला atītālā		अतीतांना atītānnā
ergative	अतीताने, अतीतानं atītāne, atītāna		अतीतांनी atītānnī
instrumental	अतीताशी atītāśī		अतीतांशी atītānśī
locative सप्तमी	अतीतात atītāt		अतीतांत atītāt
vocative संबोधन	अतीता atītā		अतीतांनो atītānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of अतीत (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	अतीताचा atītāċā	अतीताचे atītāċe	अतीताची atītācī	अतीताच्या atītācā	अतीताचे, अतीताचं atītāċe, atītāċa	अतीताची atītācī	अतीताच्या atītācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	अतीतांचा atītānċā	अतीतांचे atītānċe	अतीतांची atītāñcī	अतीतांच्या atītāncā	अतीतांचे, अतीतांचं atītānċe, atītānċa	अतीतांची atītāñcī	अतीतांच्या atītāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “अतीत”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “अतीत”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• atīta (Latin script)
• 𑀅𑀢𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• অতীত (Bengali script)
• අතීත (Sinhalese script)
• အတီတ or အတဳတ or ဢတီတ (Burmese script)
• อตีต or อะตีตะ (Thai script)
• ᩋᨲᩦᨲ (Tai Tham script)
• ອຕີຕ or ອະຕີຕະ (Lao script)
• អតីត (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄖𑄩𑄖 (Chakma script)

Adjective

अतीत

1. Devanagari script form of atīta

Declension

Declension table of "अतीत" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	अतीतो (atīto)	अतीता (atītā)
Accusative (second)	अतीतं (atītaṃ)	अतीते (atīte)
Instrumental (third)	अतीतेन (atītena)	अतीतेहि (atītehi) or अतीतेभि (atītebhi)
Dative (fourth)	अतीतस्स (atītassa) or अतीताय (atītāya) or अतीतत्थं (atītatthaṃ)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	अतीतस्मा (atītasmā) or अतीतम्हा (atītamhā) or अतीता (atītā)	अतीतेहि (atītehi) or अतीतेभि (atītebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	अतीतस्स (atītassa)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	अतीतस्मिं (atītasmiṃ) or अतीतम्हि (atītamhi) or अतीते (atīte)	अतीतेसु (atītesu)
Vocative (calling)	अतीत (atīta)	अतीता (atītā)

Declension table of "अतीता" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	अतीता (atītā)	अतीतायो (atītāyo) or अतीता (atītā)
Accusative (second)	अतीतं (atītaṃ)	अतीतायो (atītāyo) or अतीता (atītā)
Instrumental (third)	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीताहि (atītāhi) or अतीताभि (atītābhi)
Dative (fourth)	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीताहि (atītāhi) or अतीताभि (atītābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	अतीताय (atītāya) or अतीतायं (atītāyaṃ)	अतीतासु (atītāsu)
Vocative (calling)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतायो (atītāyo) or अतीता (atītā)

Declension table of "अतीत" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	अतीतं (atītaṃ)	अतीतानि (atītāni)
Accusative (second)	अतीतं (atītaṃ)	अतीतानि (atītāni)
Instrumental (third)	अतीतेन (atītena)	अतीतेहि (atītehi) or अतीतेभि (atītebhi)
Dative (fourth)	अतीतस्स (atītassa) or अतीताय (atītāya) or अतीतत्थं (atītatthaṃ)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	अतीतस्मा (atītasmā) or अतीतम्हा (atītamhā) or अतीता (atītā)	अतीतेहि (atītehi) or अतीतेभि (atītebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	अतीतस्स (atītassa)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	अतीतस्मिं (atītasmiṃ) or अतीतम्हि (atītamhi) or अतीते (atīte)	अतीतेसु (atītesu)
Vocative (calling)	अतीत (atīta)	अतीतानि (atītāni)

Noun

अतीत m

1. Devanagari script form of atīta

Declension

Declension table of "अतीत" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	अतीतो (atīto)	अतीता (atītā)
Accusative (second)	अतीतं (atītaṃ)	अतीते (atīte)
Instrumental (third)	अतीतेन (atītena)	अतीतेहि (atītehi) or अतीतेभि (atītebhi)
Dative (fourth)	अतीतस्स (atītassa) or अतीताय (atītāya) or अतीतत्थं (atītatthaṃ)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	अतीतस्मा (atītasmā) or अतीतम्हा (atītamhā) or अतीता (atītā)	अतीतेहि (atītehi) or अतीतेभि (atītebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	अतीतस्स (atītassa)	अतीतानं (atītānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	अतीतस्मिं (atītasmiṃ) or अतीतम्हि (atītamhi) or अतीते (atīte)	अतीतेसु (atītesu)
Vocative (calling)	अतीत (atīta)	अतीता (atītā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অতীত (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬢᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
• অতীত (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰝𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀢𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• အတီတ (Burmese script)
• અતીત (Gujarati script)
• ਅਤੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌤𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦠꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂞𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಅತೀತ (Kannada script)
• អតីត (Khmer script)
• ອຕີຕ (Lao script)
• അതീത (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᢠᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘝𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢐᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑦽𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐟𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
• ଅତୀତ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢡꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆠𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖝𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
• අතීත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩫𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚙𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
• அதீத (Tamil script)
• అతీత (Telugu script)
• อตีต (Thai script)
• ཨ་ཏཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒞𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨙𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From अति (ati, “over; beyond”) +‎ इ (i, “to go”, root) +‎ -त (-ta, past participle suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.tiː.tɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐˈt̪iː.t̪ɐ/

Adjective

अतीत • (atīta)

1. dead, passed on
2. abandoned, left behind
3. passed, surpassed, gone by

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अतीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अतीतः (atītaḥ)	अतीतौ (atītau) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)	अतीताः (atītāḥ) अतीतासः¹ (atītāsaḥ¹)
vocative	अतीत (atīta)	अतीतौ (atītau) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)	अतीताः (atītāḥ) अतीतासः¹ (atītāsaḥ¹)
accusative	अतीतम् (atītam)	अतीतौ (atītau) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)	अतीतान् (atītān)
instrumental	अतीतेन (atītena)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतैः (atītaiḥ) अतीतेभिः¹ (atītebhiḥ¹)
dative	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतेभ्यः (atītebhyaḥ)
ablative	अतीतात् (atītāt)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतेभ्यः (atītebhyaḥ)
genitive	अतीतस्य (atītasya)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतानाम् (atītānām)
locative	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतेषु (atīteṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of अतीता

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अतीता (atītā)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीताः (atītāḥ)
vocative	अतीते (atīte)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीताः (atītāḥ)
accusative	अतीताम् (atītām)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीताः (atītāḥ)
instrumental	अतीतया (atītayā) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीताभिः (atītābhiḥ)
dative	अतीतायै (atītāyai)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीताभ्यः (atītābhyaḥ)
ablative	अतीतायाः (atītāyāḥ) अतीतायै² (atītāyai²)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीताभ्यः (atītābhyaḥ)
genitive	अतीतायाः (atītāyāḥ) अतीतायै² (atītāyai²)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतानाम् (atītānām)
locative	अतीतायाम् (atītāyām)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतासु (atītāsu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of अतीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अतीतम् (atītam)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतानि (atītāni) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)
vocative	अतीत (atīta)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतानि (atītāni) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)
accusative	अतीतम् (atītam)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतानि (atītāni) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)
instrumental	अतीतेन (atītena)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतैः (atītaiḥ) अतीतेभिः¹ (atītebhiḥ¹)
dative	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतेभ्यः (atītebhyaḥ)
ablative	अतीतात् (atītāt)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतेभ्यः (atītebhyaḥ)
genitive	अतीतस्य (atītasya)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतानाम् (atītānām)
locative	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतेषु (atīteṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

अतीत • (atīta) n

1. the past
   • c. 150 CE – 250 CE, Nāgārjuna, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā 19.1:

     प्रत्युत्पन्नो ऽनागतश् च यद्य् अतीतम् अपेक्ष्य हि ।
     प्रत्युत्पन्नो ऽनागतश् च काले ऽतीते भविष्यतः ॥

     pratyutpanno ʼnāgataś ca yady atītam apekṣya hi.
     pratyutpanno ʼnāgataś ca kāle ʼtīte bhaviṣyataḥ.

     If the present and the future were to have reference to the past, both the present and the future would have been in the past time.

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of अतीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अतीतम् (atītam)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतानि (atītāni) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)
vocative	अतीत (atīta)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतानि (atītāni) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)
accusative	अतीतम् (atītam)	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतानि (atītāni) अतीता¹ (atītā¹)
instrumental	अतीतेन (atītena)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतैः (atītaiḥ) अतीतेभिः¹ (atītebhiḥ¹)
dative	अतीताय (atītāya)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतेभ्यः (atītebhyaḥ)
ablative	अतीतात् (atītāt)	अतीताभ्याम् (atītābhyām)	अतीतेभ्यः (atītebhyaḥ)
genitive	अतीतस्य (atītasya)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतानाम् (atītānām)
locative	अतीते (atīte)	अतीतयोः (atītayoḥ)	अतीतेषु (atīteṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: अतीत (atīta)
  • → Middle Chinese: (calque) 過去 (MC kwaH khjoH, “the past”)
• → Hindi: अतीत (atīt)
• → Kannada: ಅತೀತ (atīta)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘀𑘝𑘲𑘝 (atīta)
  • Marathi: अतीत (atīt)
• → Tocharian B: atit

References

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अतीत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Monier Williams (1899) “Atîta”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 16/2.