ܥܠܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܥ ܠ ܠ (ˁ l l)
10 terms

From Aramaic עֵלְתָא (ʿelləṯā) with the sense of “disease” is a calque of Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla); compare also Hebrew עִלָּה (ilá).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɪlləθɑː]
• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɪllətɑː]

Noun

ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ • (ˁilṯā) f sg (plural ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ˁillāṯē) or ܥܸܠܠܹ̈ܐ (ˁillē))

1. cause, reason, motive
2. subject, topic (e.g. of a book)
3. (in the plural) receptacles
4. (grammar) subject; noun of a derived adjective
5. (pathology) sickness, illness, disease

   Synonyms: ܡܲܪܥܵܐ (marˁā), ܟܘܼܪܗܵܢܵܐ (kurhānā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܝܼ (ˁilṯī)		ܥܸܠܬ݂ܲܢ (ˁilṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܠܲܬ݂ (ˁillaṯ)		2nd person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁilṯūḵ)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁilṯāḵ)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁilṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁilṯā)		3rd person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܹܗ (ˁilṯēh)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ˁilṯāh)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁilṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ˁillāṯī)		ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ˁillāṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂̈ (ˁillāṯ)		2nd person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁillāṯūḵ)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁillāṯāḵ)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁillāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ˁillāṯē)		3rd person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ˁillāṯūh)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁillāṯōh)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁillāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܡ̣ܢ ܥܸܠܲܬ݂ (min ˁillaṯ, “because of, due to”)
• ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܢܵܐ (ˁilṯānā, “caused”)
• ܡܥܲܠܬܸܢ (mˁaltin, “to cause”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܥ-ܠ-ܠ (ʿ-l-l). The sense of "disease" is a calque of Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla). Compare also Hebrew עִלָּה (ʿillâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕɛll(ə)θɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕɛl(lə)le], [ʕɛl(lə)lɑθɑ(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܥܠܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܠܠܬܐ or ܥܠܬܐ or ܥܠܠܐ)

1. cause, reason, motive, pretext, pretense
2. occasion, opportunity
3. necessity
4. means
5. sin, crime, fault
6. proof, evidence, accusation, argument, complaint
7. subject, topic (e.g. of a book)
8. introduction, heading
9. thing, object, article, affair
10. (in the plural) receptacles
11. (grammar) root (noun of a derived adjective)
12. (pathology) sickness, illness, disease

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܠܬܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܠܐ		1st person	ܥܠܬܝ		ܥܠܬܢ
	construct	ܥܠܬ		2nd person	ܥܠܬܟ	ܥܠܬܟܝ	ܥܠܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܬܐ		3rd person	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܠܠܢ ,ܥܠܢ		1st person	ܥܠܠܬܝ ,ܥܠܬܝ ,ܥܠܠܝ		ܥܠܠܬܢ ,ܥܠܬܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܢ
	construct	ܥܠܠܬ ,ܥܠܬ		2nd person	ܥܠܠܬܟ ,ܥܠܬܟ ,ܥܠܠܝܟ	ܥܠܠܬܟܝ ,ܥܠܬܟܝ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܝ	ܥܠܠܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܠܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܘܢ	ܥܠܠܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܠܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܠܬܐ ,ܥܠܬܐ ,ܥܠܠܐ		3rd person	ܥܠܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܠܘܗܝ	ܥܠܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܠܝܗ	ܥܠܠܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܠܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܗܘܢ	ܥܠܠܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܠܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܥ-ܠ-ܐ (ʿ-l-ʾ) related to raising up. Compare Hebrew עוֹלָה (ʿôlâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə)lɑθɑ]

Noun

ܥܠܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܠܘܬܐ)

1. offering, sacrifice, holocaust, oblation
2. high place, altar

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܠܬܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܠܐ		1st person	ܥܠܬܝ		ܥܠܬܢ
	construct	ܥܠܬ		2nd person	ܥܠܬܟ	ܥܠܬܟܝ	ܥܠܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܬܐ		3rd person	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܠܘܢ		1st person	ܥܠܘܬܝ		ܥܠܘܬܢ
	construct	ܥܠܘܬ		2nd person	ܥܠܘܬܟ	ܥܠܘܬܟܝ	ܥܠܘܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܘܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܘܬܐ		3rd person	ܥܠܘܬܗ	ܥܠܘܬܗ	ܥܠܘܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܘܬܗܝܢ

References

• “ˁlh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 252a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 416a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 1106b-1107a