ܥܕܡܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, equivalent to a compound of ܥܲܕ݂ (ˁaḏ, “until”) +‎ ܡܵܐ (mā, “what”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕəˈðam.mɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ˈʔad.mɑː]

Conjunction

ܥܕ݂ܲܡܵܐ • (ˁḏammā)

1. until [with ܕ- (d-) ‘that’]

   ܠܵܐ ܙܹܠ݇، ܥܕ݂ܲܡܵܐ ܕܐܵܡܪܹܢ ܠܘܼܟ݂. ― lā zē, ˁḏammā d-āmrēn lūḵ. ― Don’t go until I tell you

   ܒܲܛܵܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ، ܥܕ݂ܲܡܵܐ ܕܩܸܡ ܐܵܓ݂ܪܝܼ ܠܝܼ. ― baṭṭālā ìwen wā, ˁḏammā d-qim āḡrī lī. ― I was unemployed, until they hired me.

2. by the time, when [with ܕ- (d-) ‘that’]

   ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܝܢ ܩܲܫܝܼܫܵܐ ܥܕ݂ܲܡܵܐ ܕܡܵܛܹܝܬ. ― bit hāwēn qašīšā ˁḏammā d-māṭēt. ― I’ll be old by the time you arrive!

   ܥܕ݂ܲܡܵܐ ܕܡܡܘܼܠܸܠ ܠܲܢ ܠܸܚܕ݂ܵܕ݂ܹܐ، ܥܲܕܠܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐ݇ܙܝܼܠܵܐ. ― ˁḏammā d-mmūlil lan liḥḏāḏē, ˁadlā ìwā zīlā. ― By the time we spoke, he had already gone.

3. by, no later than [with ܠ- (l-) ‘to’]

   ܒܸܬ ܕܵܥܪܹܢ ܥܕ݂ܲܡܵܐ ܠܨܲܦܪܵܐ. ― bit dāˁrēn ˁḏammā l-ṣaprā. ― I will be back by morning.

4. (formal) in order to, so that: used to indicate purpose

   Synonym: ܩܵܐ ܕ- (qā d-)

Derived terms

• ܥܕ݂ܲܡܸܫ (ˁḏammiš)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

A compound of ܥܕ (ʿaḏ, “until”) +‎ ܡܐ (mā, “what”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə.)ˈðam.mɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕðam.mɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʕðɑ.mo]

Preposition

ܥܕܡܐ • (ʿəḏammā)

1. (usually followed by ܕ-) until, to, up to, as far as
2. (with ܠ- or ܠܘܬ) until the end of, for, as long as

Conjunction

ܥܕܡܐ • (ʿəḏammā)

1. so that
2. (with ܕ-) until

Derived terms

• ܥܕܡܫ (əḏammaš)

References

• “ˁdmˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-07-04
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 245a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 401a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1072b