يئس
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
---|
ي ء س (y ʔ s) |
5 terms |
Verb
[edit]يَئِسَ • (yaʔisa) I (non-past يَيْئَسُ (yayʔasu) or يَيْئِسُ (yayʔisu), verbal noun يَأْس (yaʔs) or يَآسَة (yaʔāsa))
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
يَأْس, يَآسَة yaʔs, yaʔāsa | |||||||||||
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active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
يَائِس, يَئِس yāʔis, yaʔis | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَيْؤُوس mayʔūs | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | يَئِسْتُ yaʔistu |
يَئِسْتَ yaʔista |
يَئِسَ yaʔisa |
يَئِسْتُمَا yaʔistumā |
يَئِسَا yaʔisā |
يَئِسْنَا yaʔisnā |
يَئِسْتُمْ yaʔistum |
يَئِسُوا yaʔisū | |||
f | يَئِسْتِ yaʔisti |
يَئِسَتْ yaʔisat |
يَئِسَتَا yaʔisatā |
يَئِسْتُنَّ yaʔistunna |
يَئِسْنَ yaʔisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَيْئَسُ, أَيْئِسُ ʔayʔasu, ʔayʔisu |
تَيْئَسُ, تَيْئِسُ tayʔasu, tayʔisu |
يَيْئَسُ, يَيْئِسُ yayʔasu, yayʔisu |
تَيْئَسَانِ, تَيْئِسَانِ tayʔasāni, tayʔisāni |
يَيْئَسَانِ, يَيْئِسَانِ yayʔasāni, yayʔisāni |
نَيْئَسُ, نَيْئِسُ nayʔasu, nayʔisu |
تَيْئَسُونَ, تَيْئِسُونَ tayʔasūna, tayʔisūna |
يَيْئَسُونَ, يَيْئِسُونَ yayʔasūna, yayʔisūna | |||
f | تَيْئَسِينَ, تَيْئِسِينَ tayʔasīna, tayʔisīna |
تَيْئَسُ, تَيْئِسُ tayʔasu, tayʔisu |
تَيْئَسَانِ, تَيْئِسَانِ tayʔasāni, tayʔisāni |
تَيْئَسْنَ, تَيْئِسْنَ tayʔasna, tayʔisna |
يَيْئَسْنَ, يَيْئِسْنَ yayʔasna, yayʔisna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَيْئَسَ, أَيْئِسَ ʔayʔasa, ʔayʔisa |
تَيْئَسَ, تَيْئِسَ tayʔasa, tayʔisa |
يَيْئَسَ, يَيْئِسَ yayʔasa, yayʔisa |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
يَيْئَسَا, يَيْئِسَا yayʔasā, yayʔisā |
نَيْئَسَ, نَيْئِسَ nayʔasa, nayʔisa |
تَيْئَسُوا, تَيْئِسُوا tayʔasū, tayʔisū |
يَيْئَسُوا, يَيْئِسُوا yayʔasū, yayʔisū | |||
f | تَيْئَسِي, تَيْئِسِي tayʔasī, tayʔisī |
تَيْئَسَ, تَيْئِسَ tayʔasa, tayʔisa |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
تَيْئَسْنَ, تَيْئِسْنَ tayʔasna, tayʔisna |
يَيْئَسْنَ, يَيْئِسْنَ yayʔasna, yayʔisna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَيْئَسْ, أَيْئِسْ ʔayʔas, ʔayʔis |
تَيْئَسْ, تَيْئِسْ tayʔas, tayʔis |
يَيْئَسْ, يَيْئِسْ yayʔas, yayʔis |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
يَيْئَسَا, يَيْئِسَا yayʔasā, yayʔisā |
نَيْئَسْ, نَيْئِسْ nayʔas, nayʔis |
تَيْئَسُوا, تَيْئِسُوا tayʔasū, tayʔisū |
يَيْئَسُوا, يَيْئِسُوا yayʔasū, yayʔisū | |||
f | تَيْئَسِي, تَيْئِسِي tayʔasī, tayʔisī |
تَيْئَسْ, تَيْئِسْ tayʔas, tayʔis |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
تَيْئَسْنَ, تَيْئِسْنَ tayʔasna, tayʔisna |
يَيْئَسْنَ, يَيْئِسْنَ yayʔasna, yayʔisna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِيئَسْ, اِيئِسْ īʔas, īʔis |
اِيئَسَا, اِيئِسَا īʔasā, īʔisā |
اِيئَسُوا, اِيئِسُوا īʔasū, īʔisū |
||||||||
f | اِيئَسِي, اِيئِسِي īʔasī, īʔisī |
اِيئَسْنَ, اِيئِسْنَ īʔasna, īʔisna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | يُئِسَ yuʔisa |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | يُوءَسُ yūʔasu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | يُوءَسَ yūʔasa |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | يُوءَسْ yūʔas |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
References
[edit]- Lane, Edward William (1863) “يئس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “يئس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen
Etymology 2
[edit]From the same root of a barren woman, to have no hope of conceiving; developing to mean just accepting that this is how things are, knowing that she cannot, to know one cannot succeed, to have no hope of anything other.
From there the sense of to stop hoping, to give up being concerned with, to abandon worrying over, to accept it to be so; a parallel semantic sense can be found in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic יאּש (yaʾʾēš, “to remove desperate thoughts, to stop one's mind from thinking about”).(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Verb
[edit]يَئِسَ • (yaʔisa) I (non-past يَيْئَسُ (yayʔasu) or يَيْئِسُ (yayʔisu), verbal noun يَأْس (yaʔs))
- (dialect, archaic) to know, to have certainty, to realize or to accept, to come to a realization to know a thing to be so or true
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 13:31:
- أَفَلَمْ يَيْأَسِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ لَوْ يَشَاءُ اللَّهُ لَهَدَى النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا
- ʔafalam yayʔasi allaḏīna ʔāmanū ʔan law yašāʔu l-lahu lahadā n-nāsa jamīʕan
- ...Do not those who have trusted come to the realization that, if God caused it to be, He could certainly direct aright all people?...
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
يَأْس yaʔs | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
? ? | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَيْؤُوس mayʔūs | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | يَئِسْتُ yaʔistu |
يَئِسْتَ yaʔista |
يَئِسَ yaʔisa |
يَئِسْتُمَا yaʔistumā |
يَئِسَا yaʔisā |
يَئِسْنَا yaʔisnā |
يَئِسْتُمْ yaʔistum |
يَئِسُوا yaʔisū | |||
f | يَئِسْتِ yaʔisti |
يَئِسَتْ yaʔisat |
يَئِسَتَا yaʔisatā |
يَئِسْتُنَّ yaʔistunna |
يَئِسْنَ yaʔisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَيْئَسُ, أَيْئِسُ ʔayʔasu, ʔayʔisu |
تَيْئَسُ, تَيْئِسُ tayʔasu, tayʔisu |
يَيْئَسُ, يَيْئِسُ yayʔasu, yayʔisu |
تَيْئَسَانِ, تَيْئِسَانِ tayʔasāni, tayʔisāni |
يَيْئَسَانِ, يَيْئِسَانِ yayʔasāni, yayʔisāni |
نَيْئَسُ, نَيْئِسُ nayʔasu, nayʔisu |
تَيْئَسُونَ, تَيْئِسُونَ tayʔasūna, tayʔisūna |
يَيْئَسُونَ, يَيْئِسُونَ yayʔasūna, yayʔisūna | |||
f | تَيْئَسِينَ, تَيْئِسِينَ tayʔasīna, tayʔisīna |
تَيْئَسُ, تَيْئِسُ tayʔasu, tayʔisu |
تَيْئَسَانِ, تَيْئِسَانِ tayʔasāni, tayʔisāni |
تَيْئَسْنَ, تَيْئِسْنَ tayʔasna, tayʔisna |
يَيْئَسْنَ, يَيْئِسْنَ yayʔasna, yayʔisna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَيْئَسَ, أَيْئِسَ ʔayʔasa, ʔayʔisa |
تَيْئَسَ, تَيْئِسَ tayʔasa, tayʔisa |
يَيْئَسَ, يَيْئِسَ yayʔasa, yayʔisa |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
يَيْئَسَا, يَيْئِسَا yayʔasā, yayʔisā |
نَيْئَسَ, نَيْئِسَ nayʔasa, nayʔisa |
تَيْئَسُوا, تَيْئِسُوا tayʔasū, tayʔisū |
يَيْئَسُوا, يَيْئِسُوا yayʔasū, yayʔisū | |||
f | تَيْئَسِي, تَيْئِسِي tayʔasī, tayʔisī |
تَيْئَسَ, تَيْئِسَ tayʔasa, tayʔisa |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
تَيْئَسْنَ, تَيْئِسْنَ tayʔasna, tayʔisna |
يَيْئَسْنَ, يَيْئِسْنَ yayʔasna, yayʔisna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَيْئَسْ, أَيْئِسْ ʔayʔas, ʔayʔis |
تَيْئَسْ, تَيْئِسْ tayʔas, tayʔis |
يَيْئَسْ, يَيْئِسْ yayʔas, yayʔis |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
يَيْئَسَا, يَيْئِسَا yayʔasā, yayʔisā |
نَيْئَسْ, نَيْئِسْ nayʔas, nayʔis |
تَيْئَسُوا, تَيْئِسُوا tayʔasū, tayʔisū |
يَيْئَسُوا, يَيْئِسُوا yayʔasū, yayʔisū | |||
f | تَيْئَسِي, تَيْئِسِي tayʔasī, tayʔisī |
تَيْئَسْ, تَيْئِسْ tayʔas, tayʔis |
تَيْئَسَا, تَيْئِسَا tayʔasā, tayʔisā |
تَيْئَسْنَ, تَيْئِسْنَ tayʔasna, tayʔisna |
يَيْئَسْنَ, يَيْئِسْنَ yayʔasna, yayʔisna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِيئَسْ, اِيئِسْ īʔas, īʔis |
اِيئَسَا, اِيئِسَا īʔasā, īʔisā |
اِيئَسُوا, اِيئِسُوا īʔasū, īʔisū |
||||||||
f | اِيئَسِي, اِيئِسِي īʔasī, īʔisī |
اِيئَسْنَ, اِيئِسْنَ īʔasna, īʔisna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | يُئِسْتُ yuʔistu |
يُئِسْتَ yuʔista |
يُئِسَ yuʔisa |
يُئِسْتُمَا yuʔistumā |
يُئِسَا yuʔisā |
يُئِسْنَا yuʔisnā |
يُئِسْتُمْ yuʔistum |
يُئِسُوا yuʔisū | |||
f | يُئِسْتِ yuʔisti |
يُئِسَتْ yuʔisat |
يُئِسَتَا yuʔisatā |
يُئِسْتُنَّ yuʔistunna |
يُئِسْنَ yuʔisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُوءَسُ ʔūʔasu |
تُوءَسُ tūʔasu |
يُوءَسُ yūʔasu |
تُوءَسَانِ tūʔasāni |
يُوءَسَانِ yūʔasāni |
نُوءَسُ nūʔasu |
تُوءَسُونَ tūʔasūna |
يُوءَسُونَ yūʔasūna | |||
f | تُوءَسِينَ tūʔasīna |
تُوءَسُ tūʔasu |
تُوءَسَانِ tūʔasāni |
تُوءَسْنَ tūʔasna |
يُوءَسْنَ yūʔasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُوءَسَ ʔūʔasa |
تُوءَسَ tūʔasa |
يُوءَسَ yūʔasa |
تُوءَسَا tūʔasā |
يُوءَسَا yūʔasā |
نُوءَسَ nūʔasa |
تُوءَسُوا tūʔasū |
يُوءَسُوا yūʔasū | |||
f | تُوءَسِي tūʔasī |
تُوءَسَ tūʔasa |
تُوءَسَا tūʔasā |
تُوءَسْنَ tūʔasna |
يُوءَسْنَ yūʔasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُوءَسْ ʔūʔas |
تُوءَسْ tūʔas |
يُوءَسْ yūʔas |
تُوءَسَا tūʔasā |
يُوءَسَا yūʔasā |
نُوءَسْ nūʔas |
تُوءَسُوا tūʔasū |
يُوءَسُوا yūʔasū | |||
f | تُوءَسِي tūʔasī |
تُوءَسْ tūʔas |
تُوءَسَا tūʔasā |
تُوءَسْنَ tūʔasna |
يُوءَسْنَ yūʔasna |
References
[edit]- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “يئس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[3], London: W.H. Allen
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ي ء س
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with ي as first radical
- Arabic form-I verbs with ء as second radical
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel i and non-past vowel a
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel i and non-past vowel i
- Arabic verbs with impersonal passive
- Arabic dialectal terms
- Arabic terms with archaic senses
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic verbs with full passive