قرباچ

Ottoman Turkish

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kïrmač (“whip, lash”), possibly from *kïr- (“to break”). The suffix may be cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (-maç) with onomatopoeic change to imitate a cracking whip.^[1] Cognate with Azerbaijani qırmanc, qırmac.

قرباچ • (kırbaç) (definite accusative قرباچی (kırbaçı), plural قرباچلر (kırbaçlar))

whip, lash, a pliant, flexible instrument used to direct and herd animals, or to strike a person as a punishment
Synonyms: تازیانه (taziyane), سوط (savt), قامچی (kamçı)
riding crop, horsewhip, quirt, any short type of whip without a lash used in horseriding to goad or direct a horse
Synonym: سوط (savt)

Turkish: kırbaç
→ Albanian: kërbaç
→ Arabic: كِرْبَاج (kirbāj), كُرْبَاج (kurbāj)
- → Tigre: ክርባጅ (kərbaǧ)
- → English: kurbash
→ Belarusian: карба́ч (karbáč)
→ Czech: karabáč
→ German: Karbatsche
- → French: cravache
  - → Italian: cravascia (semi-learned), → cravache (unadapted)
→ French: courbache
- → Italian: curbascio (semi-learned)
→ Hungarian: korbács
- → Polish: korbacz, karbacz
- → Slovak: korbáč
→ Romanian: gârbaci
→ Russian: карба́ч (karbáč)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Latin script: kòrbāč, krbač, grbač

Cyrillic script: ко̀рба̄ч, крбач, грбач
→ Spanish: corbacho
→ Ukrainian: карба́ч (karbáč)

Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “قرباج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 506
Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kırbaç”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2617
Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قرباچ”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 360a
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قرباج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 953
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Flagellum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 587
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قرباچ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 3662
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kırbaç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قرباچ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1444