صنوبر

Arabic

صَنَوْبَر

Etymology

From the root ص ن ب ر (ṣ n b r) meaning “bitter cold”, “weather requiring hardiness to endure”, a variant of ص ب ر (ṣ b r) “enduring”, “patient”, “persevering”; so named for the tree being a winter-enduring evergreen tree.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.naw.bar/

Noun

صَنَوْبَر • (ṣanawbar) m (collective, singulative صَنَوْبَرَة f (ṣanawbara))

1. pine, pine tree
2. pine nut

Declension

Declension of noun صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar)

collective	basic collective triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنَوْبَر ṣanawbar	الصَّنَوْبَر aṣ-ṣanawbar	صَنَوْبَر ṣanawbar
nominative	صَنَوْبَرٌ ṣanawbarun	الصَّنَوْبَرُ aṣ-ṣanawbaru	صَنَوْبَرُ ṣanawbaru
accusative	صَنَوْبَرًا ṣanawbaran	الصَّنَوْبَرَ aṣ-ṣanawbara	صَنَوْبَرَ ṣanawbara
genitive	صَنَوْبَرٍ ṣanawbarin	الصَّنَوْبَرِ aṣ-ṣanawbari	صَنَوْبَرِ ṣanawbari
singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنَوْبَرَة ṣanawbara	الصَّنَوْبَرَة aṣ-ṣanawbara	صَنَوْبَرَة ṣanawbarat
nominative	صَنَوْبَرَةٌ ṣanawbaratun	الصَّنَوْبَرَةُ aṣ-ṣanawbaratu	صَنَوْبَرَةُ ṣanawbaratu
accusative	صَنَوْبَرَةً ṣanawbaratan	الصَّنَوْبَرَةَ aṣ-ṣanawbarata	صَنَوْبَرَةَ ṣanawbarata
genitive	صَنَوْبَرَةٍ ṣanawbaratin	الصَّنَوْبَرَةِ aṣ-ṣanawbarati	صَنَوْبَرَةِ ṣanawbarati
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْن ṣanawbaratayn	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْن aṣ-ṣanawbaratayn	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
nominative	صَنَوْبَرَتَانِ ṣanawbaratāni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَانِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratāni	صَنَوْبَرَتَا ṣanawbaratā
accusative	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ ṣanawbaratayni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratayni	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
genitive	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ ṣanawbaratayni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratayni	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنَوْبَرَات ṣanawbarāt	الصَّنَوْبَرَات aṣ-ṣanawbarāt	صَنَوْبَرَات ṣanawbarāt
nominative	صَنَوْبَرَاتٌ ṣanawbarātun	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتُ aṣ-ṣanawbarātu	صَنَوْبَرَاتُ ṣanawbarātu
accusative	صَنَوْبَرَاتٍ ṣanawbarātin	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتِ aṣ-ṣanawbarāti	صَنَوْبَرَاتِ ṣanawbarāti
genitive	صَنَوْبَرَاتٍ ṣanawbarātin	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتِ aṣ-ṣanawbarāti	صَنَوْبَرَاتِ ṣanawbarāti

Descendants

• Egyptian Arabic: صنوبر (ṣinōbar), صنيبر (ṣinēbar)
• Gulf Arabic: صنوبر (ṣnōbar)
• Hijazi Arabic: صنوبر (ṣunōbar)
• Maltese: żnuber, snuber
• Moroccan Arabic: صنوبر (ṣnūbar)
• South Levantine Arabic: صنوبر (ṣnōbar)
  • → Hebrew: צְנוֹבָּר (tsnobár)
• → Middle Armenian: սոնոպար (sonopar)
• → Old Georgian: სანობარი (sanobari)
• → Classical Persian: صَنَوْبَر (sanawbar)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: सनोवर (sanovar), सनोबर (sanobar)

    Urdu: صنوبر (sanobar)

  • → Malay: sanubari
    • Indonesian: sanubari

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “صنوبر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 616
• Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “صنبر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1730-1731.
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 40–47

Further reading

• صنوبر on the Arabic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ar

Hijazi Arabic

صنوبر

Etymology

From Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤu.noː.bar/, [sˤʊˈno̞ːbar]

Noun

صُنوبَر • (ṣunōbar) m (collective, singulative صُنُوبَرَة f (ṣunōbara))

1. pine, pine tree
2. pine nut

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar, “pine”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.naw.ˈbaɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [se.now.bǽɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	sanawbar
Dari reading?	sanawbar
Iranian reading?	senowbar
Tajik reading?	sanavbar

Noun

صنوبر • (senowbar)

1. poplar
2. (archaic) pine

   Synonym: کاج (kâj)

3. (poetic, figurative, mainly in compounds) the slender and graceful beloved

   Synonym: سرو (sarv, literally “cypress”)

   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 11”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[2]:

     چندان بود کرشمه و نازِ سهی‌قدان
     کآید به جلوه سرو صنوبرخرام ما

     čandān buwad kirišma u nāz-i sahī-qaddān
     k-āyad ba jalwa sarw-i sanawbar-xarām-i mā

     The coyness and coquetry of those straight-standing ones last only so long
     Until my cypress comes in splendor with pine-like stride.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: सनोवर (sanovar), सनोबर (sanobar)

  Urdu: صنوبر (sanobar)

• → Malay: sanubari
  • Indonesian: sanubari

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “صنوبر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

Further reading

• صنوبر on the Persian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fa

South Levantine Arabic

صنوبر

Etymology

From Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Pronunciation

• (Palestine) IPA^(key): /sˤnoː.bar/, /snoː.bar/

Noun

صنوبر • (ṣnōbar) m (collective)

1. pine nuts
2. pines, pine trees

   شجرة صنوبر ― šajret ṣnōbar ― a pine tree

Descendants

• → Hebrew: צְנוֹבָּר (tsnobár)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian صَنَوْبَر (sanawbar), from Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sə.noː.bəɾ/
• Rhymes: -əɾ
• Hyphenation: صَ‧نو‧بَر

Noun

صَنوبَر • (sanobar) m (Hindi spelling सनोबर)

1. a conifer; a pine tree

References

• John Shakespear (1834) “صنوبر”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
• Platts, John T. (1884) “صنوبر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 746

Further reading

More information

• “صنوبر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “صنوبر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “صنوبر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 418
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “صنوبر”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 833