شهيد
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Root |
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ش ه د (š h d) |
11 terms |
Etymology
[edit]From the form I verb شَهِدَ (šahida, “to witness, to bear witness”), from the root ش ه د (š-h-d). Semantic evolution from "witness" to "martyr" is probably calqued from Ancient Greek μάρτυς (mártus).
Cognate with Hebrew שָׂהֵד (sahéd).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]شَهِيد • (šahīd) m (plural شُهَدَاء (šuhadāʔ), feminine شَهِيدَة (šahīda))
- (archaic) witness
- Synonym: شَاهِد (šāhid)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:13:
- لَّوۡلَا جَاۤءُو عَلَیۡهِ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَاۤءَ ۚ فَإِذۡ لَمۡ یَأۡتُوا۟ بِٱلشُّهَدَاۤءِ فَأُو۟لَـٰۤىِٕكَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡكَـٰذِبُونَ
- lawlā jāʔū ʕalay-hi bi-ʔarbaʕati šuhadāʔa fa-ʔiḏ lam yaʔtū bi-š-šuhadāʔi fa-ʔūlāʔika ʕinda llāhi humu l-kāḏibūna
- Sahih International: And why did the accusers not bring four witnesses to it? If they cannot produce such witnesses, they are the liars in God’s eyes.
- martyr
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun شَهِيد (šahīd)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَهِيد šahīd |
الشَّهِيد aš-šahīd |
شَهِيد šahīd |
شَهِيدَة šahīda |
الشَّهِيدَة aš-šahīda |
شَهِيدَة šahīdat |
Nominative | شَهِيدٌ šahīdun |
الشَّهِيدُ aš-šahīdu |
شَهِيدُ šahīdu |
شَهِيدَةٌ šahīdatun |
الشَّهِيدَةُ aš-šahīdatu |
شَهِيدَةُ šahīdatu |
Accusative | شَهِيدًا šahīdan |
الشَّهِيدَ aš-šahīda |
شَهِيدَ šahīda |
شَهِيدَةً šahīdatan |
الشَّهِيدَةَ aš-šahīdata |
شَهِيدَةَ šahīdata |
Genitive | شَهِيدٍ šahīdin |
الشَّهِيدِ aš-šahīdi |
شَهِيدِ šahīdi |
شَهِيدَةٍ šahīdatin |
الشَّهِيدَةِ aš-šahīdati |
شَهِيدَةِ šahīdati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَهِيدَيْن šahīdayn |
الشَّهِيدَيْن aš-šahīdayn |
شَهِيدَيْ šahīday |
شَهِيدَتَيْن šahīdatayn |
الشَّهِيدَتَيْن aš-šahīdatayn |
شَهِيدَتَيْ šahīdatay |
Nominative | شَهِيدَانِ šahīdāni |
الشَّهِيدَانِ aš-šahīdāni |
شَهِيدَا šahīdā |
شَهِيدَتَانِ šahīdatāni |
الشَّهِيدَتَانِ aš-šahīdatāni |
شَهِيدَتَا šahīdatā |
Accusative | شَهِيدَيْنِ šahīdayni |
الشَّهِيدَيْنِ aš-šahīdayni |
شَهِيدَيْ šahīday |
شَهِيدَتَيْنِ šahīdatayni |
الشَّهِيدَتَيْنِ aš-šahīdatayni |
شَهِيدَتَيْ šahīdatay |
Genitive | شَهِيدَيْنِ šahīdayni |
الشَّهِيدَيْنِ aš-šahīdayni |
شَهِيدَيْ šahīday |
شَهِيدَتَيْنِ šahīdatayni |
الشَّهِيدَتَيْنِ aš-šahīdatayni |
شَهِيدَتَيْ šahīdatay |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
basic broken plural diptote | sound feminine plural | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شُهَدَاء šuhadāʔ |
الشُّهَدَاء aš-šuhadāʔ |
شُهَدَاء šuhadāʔ |
شَهِيدَات šahīdāt |
الشَّهِيدَات aš-šahīdāt |
شَهِيدَات šahīdāt |
Nominative | شُهَدَاءُ šuhadāʔu |
الشُّهَدَاءُ aš-šuhadāʔu |
شُهَدَاءُ šuhadāʔu |
شَهِيدَاتٌ šahīdātun |
الشَّهِيدَاتُ aš-šahīdātu |
شَهِيدَاتُ šahīdātu |
Accusative | شُهَدَاءَ šuhadāʔa |
الشُّهَدَاءَ aš-šuhadāʔa |
شُهَدَاءَ šuhadāʔa |
شَهِيدَاتٍ šahīdātin |
الشَّهِيدَاتِ aš-šahīdāti |
شَهِيدَاتِ šahīdāti |
Genitive | شُهَدَاءَ šuhadāʔa |
الشُّهَدَاءِ aš-šuhadāʔi |
شُهَدَاءِ šuhadāʔi |
شَهِيدَاتٍ šahīdātin |
الشَّهِيدَاتِ aš-šahīdāti |
شَهِيدَاتِ šahīdāti |
Descendants
[edit]- → Armenian: շահիդ (šahid)
- → Azerbaijani: şəhid
- → English: shaheed
- → Indonesian: syahid
- → Kazakh: шаһит (şahit), шейіт (şeiıt)
- → Northern Kurdish: şehîd
- → Classical Persian: شَهِید (šahīd)
- → Russian: шахид (šaxid)
- → Swahili: shahidi
- → Somali: shahiid
- → Ottoman Turkish: شهید
- → Turkish: şehit
- → Uzbek: shahid
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ه د
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Arabic/iːd
- Rhymes:Arabic/iːd/2 syllables
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with archaic senses
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine plural