سبر
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Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1.1
[edit]Root |
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س ب ر (s b r) |
2 terms |
From Aramaic סְבַר (sḇar) in a very narrow meaning, apparently only back-formed from سِبَار (sibār), مِسْبَار (misbār), مِسْبَر (misbar, “probe”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]سَبَرَ • (sabara) I (non-past يَسْبُرُ (yasburu) or يَسْبِرُ (yasbiru), verbal noun سَبْر (sabr)) (transitive)
- to probe into (a hole, like a well) so as to measure its depth; to gauge; to sound
- Synonym: قَاسَ (qāsa)
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of سَبَرَ (I, sound, a ~ u/i, full passive, verbal noun سَبْر)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
سَبْر sabr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
سَابِر sābir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَسْبُور masbūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سَبَرْتُ sabartu |
سَبَرْتَ sabarta |
سَبَرَ sabara |
سَبَرْتُمَا sabartumā |
سَبَرَا sabarā |
سَبَرْنَا sabarnā |
سَبَرْتُمْ sabartum |
سَبَرُوا sabarū | |||
f | سَبَرْتِ sabarti |
سَبَرَتْ sabarat |
سَبَرَتَا sabaratā |
سَبَرْتُنَّ sabartunna |
سَبَرْنَ sabarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَسْبُرُ, أَسْبِرُ ʔasburu, ʔasbiru |
تَسْبُرُ, تَسْبِرُ tasburu, tasbiru |
يَسْبُرُ, يَسْبِرُ yasburu, yasbiru |
تَسْبُرَانِ, تَسْبِرَانِ tasburāni, tasbirāni |
يَسْبُرَانِ, يَسْبِرَانِ yasburāni, yasbirāni |
نَسْبُرُ, نَسْبِرُ nasburu, nasbiru |
تَسْبُرُونَ, تَسْبِرُونَ tasburūna, tasbirūna |
يَسْبُرُونَ, يَسْبِرُونَ yasburūna, yasbirūna | |||
f | تَسْبُرِينَ, تَسْبِرِينَ tasburīna, tasbirīna |
تَسْبُرُ, تَسْبِرُ tasburu, tasbiru |
تَسْبُرَانِ, تَسْبِرَانِ tasburāni, tasbirāni |
تَسْبُرْنَ, تَسْبِرْنَ tasburna, tasbirna |
يَسْبُرْنَ, يَسْبِرْنَ yasburna, yasbirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَسْبُرَ, أَسْبِرَ ʔasbura, ʔasbira |
تَسْبُرَ, تَسْبِرَ tasbura, tasbira |
يَسْبُرَ, يَسْبِرَ yasbura, yasbira |
تَسْبُرَا, تَسْبِرَا tasburā, tasbirā |
يَسْبُرَا, يَسْبِرَا yasburā, yasbirā |
نَسْبُرَ, نَسْبِرَ nasbura, nasbira |
تَسْبُرُوا, تَسْبِرُوا tasburū, tasbirū |
يَسْبُرُوا, يَسْبِرُوا yasburū, yasbirū | |||
f | تَسْبُرِي, تَسْبِرِي tasburī, tasbirī |
تَسْبُرَ, تَسْبِرَ tasbura, tasbira |
تَسْبُرَا, تَسْبِرَا tasburā, tasbirā |
تَسْبُرْنَ, تَسْبِرْنَ tasburna, tasbirna |
يَسْبُرْنَ, يَسْبِرْنَ yasburna, yasbirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَسْبُرْ, أَسْبِرْ ʔasbur, ʔasbir |
تَسْبُرْ, تَسْبِرْ tasbur, tasbir |
يَسْبُرْ, يَسْبِرْ yasbur, yasbir |
تَسْبُرَا, تَسْبِرَا tasburā, tasbirā |
يَسْبُرَا, يَسْبِرَا yasburā, yasbirā |
نَسْبُرْ, نَسْبِرْ nasbur, nasbir |
تَسْبُرُوا, تَسْبِرُوا tasburū, tasbirū |
يَسْبُرُوا, يَسْبِرُوا yasburū, yasbirū | |||
f | تَسْبُرِي, تَسْبِرِي tasburī, tasbirī |
تَسْبُرْ, تَسْبِرْ tasbur, tasbir |
تَسْبُرَا, تَسْبِرَا tasburā, tasbirā |
تَسْبُرْنَ, تَسْبِرْنَ tasburna, tasbirna |
يَسْبُرْنَ, يَسْبِرْنَ yasburna, yasbirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُسْبُرْ, اِسْبِرْ usbur, isbir |
اُسْبُرَا, اِسْبِرَا usburā, isbirā |
اُسْبُرُوا, اِسْبِرُوا usburū, isbirū |
||||||||
f | اُسْبُرِي, اِسْبِرِي usburī, isbirī |
اُسْبُرْنَ, اِسْبِرْنَ usburna, isbirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سُبِرْتُ subirtu |
سُبِرْتَ subirta |
سُبِرَ subira |
سُبِرْتُمَا subirtumā |
سُبِرَا subirā |
سُبِرْنَا subirnā |
سُبِرْتُمْ subirtum |
سُبِرُوا subirū | |||
f | سُبِرْتِ subirti |
سُبِرَتْ subirat |
سُبِرَتَا subiratā |
سُبِرْتُنَّ subirtunna |
سُبِرْنَ subirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُسْبَرُ ʔusbaru |
تُسْبَرُ tusbaru |
يُسْبَرُ yusbaru |
تُسْبَرَانِ tusbarāni |
يُسْبَرَانِ yusbarāni |
نُسْبَرُ nusbaru |
تُسْبَرُونَ tusbarūna |
يُسْبَرُونَ yusbarūna | |||
f | تُسْبَرِينَ tusbarīna |
تُسْبَرُ tusbaru |
تُسْبَرَانِ tusbarāni |
تُسْبَرْنَ tusbarna |
يُسْبَرْنَ yusbarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُسْبَرَ ʔusbara |
تُسْبَرَ tusbara |
يُسْبَرَ yusbara |
تُسْبَرَا tusbarā |
يُسْبَرَا yusbarā |
نُسْبَرَ nusbara |
تُسْبَرُوا tusbarū |
يُسْبَرُوا yusbarū | |||
f | تُسْبَرِي tusbarī |
تُسْبَرَ tusbara |
تُسْبَرَا tusbarā |
تُسْبَرْنَ tusbarna |
يُسْبَرْنَ yusbarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُسْبَرْ ʔusbar |
تُسْبَرْ tusbar |
يُسْبَرْ yusbar |
تُسْبَرَا tusbarā |
يُسْبَرَا yusbarā |
نُسْبَرْ nusbar |
تُسْبَرُوا tusbarū |
يُسْبَرُوا yusbarū | |||
f | تُسْبَرِي tusbarī |
تُسْبَرْ tusbar |
تُسْبَرَا tusbarā |
تُسْبَرْنَ tusbarna |
يُسْبَرْنَ yusbarna |
Etymology 1.2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]سَبْر • (sabr) m
- verbal noun of سَبَر (sabar) (form I), probing, prodding
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun سَبْر (sabr)
Etymology 1.3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]سَبْر or سِبْر • (sabr or sibr) m (plural أَسْبَار (ʔasbār)) (countable)
- measure, habit, form, appearance, garb, features, likeness, mien
- (obsolete) source, origin, root
- Synonym: أَصْل (ʔaṣl)
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun سَبْر (sabr); سِبْر (sibr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سَبْر; سِبْر sabr; sibr |
السَّبْر; السِّبْر as-sabr; as-sibr |
سَبْر; سِبْر sabr; sibr |
Nominative | سَبْرٌ; سِبْرٌ sabrun; sibrun |
السَّبْرُ; السِّبْرُ as-sabru; as-sibru |
سَبْرُ; سِبْرُ sabru; sibru |
Accusative | سَبْرًا; سِبْرًا sabran; sibran |
السَّبْرَ; السِّبْرَ as-sabra; as-sibra |
سَبْرَ; سِبْرَ sabra; sibra |
Genitive | سَبْرٍ; سِبْرٍ sabrin; sibrin |
السَّبْرِ; السِّبْرِ as-sabri; as-sibri |
سَبْرِ; سِبْرِ sabri; sibri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | سَبْرَيْن; سِبْرَيْن sabrayn; sibrayn |
السَّبْرَيْن; السِّبْرَيْن as-sabrayn; as-sibrayn |
سَبْرَيْ; سِبْرَيْ sabray; sibray |
Nominative | سَبْرَانِ; سِبْرَانِ sabrāni; sibrāni |
السَّبْرَانِ; السِّبْرَانِ as-sabrāni; as-sibrāni |
سَبْرَا; سِبْرَا sabrā; sibrā |
Accusative | سَبْرَيْنِ; سِبْرَيْنِ sabrayni; sibrayni |
السَّبْرَيْنِ; السِّبْرَيْنِ as-sabrayni; as-sibrayni |
سَبْرَيْ; سِبْرَيْ sabray; sibray |
Genitive | سَبْرَيْنِ; سِبْرَيْنِ sabrayni; sibrayni |
السَّبْرَيْنِ; السِّبْرَيْنِ as-sabrayni; as-sibrayni |
سَبْرَيْ; سِبْرَيْ sabray; sibray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَسْبَار ʔasbār |
الْأَسْبَار al-ʔasbār |
أَسْبَار ʔasbār |
Nominative | أَسْبَارٌ ʔasbārun |
الْأَسْبَارُ al-ʔasbāru |
أَسْبَارُ ʔasbāru |
Accusative | أَسْبَارًا ʔasbāran |
الْأَسْبَارَ al-ʔasbāra |
أَسْبَارَ ʔasbāra |
Genitive | أَسْبَارٍ ʔasbārin |
الْأَسْبَارِ al-ʔasbāri |
أَسْبَارِ ʔasbāri |
Further reading
[edit]- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 612–613
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 261
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “سبر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 277b
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “سبر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1043a
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “سبر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1293
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سبر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 478a
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “سبر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 458a
Burushaski
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]سبر (sabur)
References
[edit]- Bechtholdt, Astrid (2024) “sabur”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017.
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