درد

See also: دزد

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian درد (dard).

Noun

درد • (dert)

1. pain, suffering, agony
2. disease, illness
3. affliction, woe; trouble
4. annoyance
5. grievance

Derived terms

• دردلو (dertli)

Descendants

• Turkish: dert

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “درد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 568
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “درد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 895

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian dlt' (dard, “pain”), from Proto-Iranian *dar-ta- (“torn, burning, pain”), from Proto-Iranian *darH- (“to have pain”), from either Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, split”) or Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, suffer, be in pain”), the latter which Cheung considers to be related to the former. See also دریدن (daridan, “to ravage, attack”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [daɾð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æɹd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	dard
Dari reading?	dard
Iranian reading?	dard
Tajik reading?	dard

• Rhymes: -ard

Noun

Dari	درد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дард

درد • (dard)

1. pain
2. ache
3. affliction
4. disease
5. illness
6. complaint

Derived terms

(verbs)

• درد کردن (dard kardan)
• درد گرفتن (dard gereftan)

 

(others)

• اهل درد (ahl-e dard)
• دردناک (dardnâk)
• دردی (dardi)
• سردرد (sar-dard)

 

Descendants

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: dərd
• → Bengali: দরদ (dorod)
• → Gujarati: દર્દ (dard)
• → Hindustani:

  Urdu: درد (dard)

  Hindi: दर्द (dard)

• → Kazakh: дерт (dert)
• → Northern Kurdish: derd
• → Middle Armenian: դարդ (dard), տարտ (tart), դերդ (derd), տէրտ (tērt)
  • → Armenian: դարդ (dard)
• → Ottoman Turkish: درد (dert)
  • Turkish: dert
  • Albanian: dert
  • Greek: ντέρτι (ntérti)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਦਰਦ (darad)

  Shahmukhi script: دَرَد (darad)

• → Zazaki: derd
• → Uyghur: دەرد (derd)
• → Uzbek: dard

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *dr̥ti- (“manure, feces”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰṛ-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreyd- (“to have diarrhea”), whence also English dirt, Old Norse dríta (“to defecate”), and Russian дриста́ть (dristátʹ, “to shart”). Possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to spring, leap”) (whence perhaps Sanskrit धारा (dhārā, “current, torrent”)).

Compare the Iranian borrowings: Aramaic דּוּרְדָּא / דֻּרְדָּא (durdā, “sediment; lees”), in plural דּוּרְדֵּי / דֻּרְדֵּי (durdī); Arabic دُرْدِيّ (durdiyy, “liquid sediment, lees, amurca”).

Alternative forms

• دردی (dordi)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [duɾð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊɹd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊɹd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊɹd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪uɹd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪oɹd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪uɹd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	durd
Dari reading?	durd
Iranian reading?	dord
Tajik reading?	durd

Noun

درد • (dord)

1. dregs

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: դիրտ (dirt), տիրտ (tirt), դուրտ (durt), տուրտին (turtin), դրտին (drtin), դրուրտ (drurt), դուրտին (durtin) (see there for further descendants)
• → Armenian: դըռդի (dəṙdi)
• → Ottoman Turkish: طورتی (tortu)
  • Turkish: tortu, torta, tort
• → Azerbaijani: torta
• → Georgian: დურდო (durdo)
• → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: [script needed] (dürtʿ)
• → Northern Kurdish: tort

See also

• کسپه (kospe, “oil cake”)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian درد (dard), from Middle Persian dlt' (dard, “pain”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪əɾd̪/
• Rhymes: -əɾd̪

Noun

دَرْد • (dard) m (Hindi spelling दर्द)

1. pain; ache
2. (by extension) symptom, illness
3. suffering
4. (figuratively):
   1. affliction
   2. pity
   3. sorrow, grief

Declension

Declension of درد
	singular	plural
direct	درد (dard)	درد (dard)
oblique	درد (dard)	دردوں (dardõ)
vocative	درد (dard)	دردو (dardo)

Further reading

• “درد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “درد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “درد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.