دردناک

Persian

Etymology

From دَرد (dard, “pain”) +‎ ـناک (-nâk, “-ful”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [daɾð.ˈnɑːk]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪.nɑ́ːk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪.nɑ́ːk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪.nɑ́ːk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪.nɔ́ːk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æɹd̪.nɒ́ːkʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɹd̪.nɔ́k]

Readings
Classical reading?	dardnāk
Dari reading?	dardnāk
Iranian reading?	dardnâk
Tajik reading?	dardnok

Adjective

دَردناک • (dardnâk) (comparative دَردناک‌تَر (dardnâk-tar), superlative دَردناک‌تَرین (dardnâk-tarin))

1. painful, sore, aching
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume V, verse 1661:

     نیستم بی‌رحم بل زان هر سه پاک، رحم بیشستم ز درد دردناک

     nistam bi-rahm, bal z-ân har se pâk, rahm bišastam ze dard-e dardnâk.

     I am not pitiless; nay, I have greater pity than those three holy ones for the sorrow of the sorrowful.

   • (Can we date this quote?), ابراهیم بوالحسنی [Ebrâhim Bu-al-Hasani], translated by Ali-Asghar Seyed-Gohrab, پلاک [Dog Tag]:

     و ناگهان خبری دردناک آوردند / ز رد پای تو یک مشت خاک آوردند / هنوز باورم این بود باز می‌گردی / برای باورم اما پلاک آوردند

     va nâgahân xabar-i dardnâk âvardand / ze radd-e pâ-ye to yek mošt xâk âvardand / hanuz bâvar-am in bud bâz mi-gardi / barâ-ye bâvar-am ammâ pelâk âvardand

     Without any warning, they brought painful news / From your footprints they brought a handful of dust. / Still I was convinced, "he will return." / To convince me, they brought me a dog-tag.

Descendants

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਦਰਦਨਾਕ (dardanāk)

  Shahmukhi script: دردناک (dardnāk)

• Urdu: درد ناک (dard nâk)