קדם
Appearance
See also: ק־ד־ם
Aramaic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the root Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (“to precede, come before”). Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama), Hebrew קדם and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.
Verb
[edit]קדם • (qəḏam)
- to precede, to come before
Derived terms
[edit]Preposition
[edit]קֳדָם • (qŏḏām)
Antonyms
[edit]References
[edit]- “qdm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press
Hebrew
[edit]Root |
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ק־ד־ם (q-d-m) |
Etymology
[edit]From the root Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (“to precede, come before”). Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama) and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈqɛ.ðɛm/ (Noun)
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /qɔːˈðam/ (Verb 1)
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /qă.ðam/ (Prefix)
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /qidˈdeːm/ (Verb 2)
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈqoː.ðɛm/ (Preposition)
Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]קֶדֶם • (kédem) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]
- front
- (Biblical Hebrew) east (the direction of the earth's rotation, specifically 90°)
- Tanach, Genesis 12:8, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- וַיַּעְתֵּק מִשָּׁם הָהָרָה מִקֶּדֶם לְבֵית־אֵל וַיֵּט אָהֳלֹה בֵּית־אֵל מִיָּם וְהָעַי מִקֶּדֶם וַיִּבֶן־שָׁם מִזְבֵּחַ לַיהוָה וַיִּקְרָא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה׃
- vaya'ték mishám hahára mikédem l'veit-'él vayét 'oholó beit-'él miyám v'ha'áy mikédem vayiven-shám mizbéakh laYHVH vayikrá b'shém YHVH.
wayyaʿtēq miššām hāhā́rā miqqéḏem ləḇēṯ-ʾēl wayyēṭ ʾohŏlō bēṯ-ʾēl miyyām wəhāʿay miqqéḏem wayyiḇen-šām mizbḗaḥ laYHWH wayyiqrā bəšēm YHWH. - And he removed from thence unto the mountain on the east of Beth-el, and pitched his tent, having Beth-el on the west, and Ai on the east; and he builded there an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.
- vaya'ték mishám hahára mikédem l'veit-'él vayét 'oholó beit-'él miyám v'ha'áy mikédem vayiven-shám mizbéakh laYHVH vayikrá b'shém YHVH.
- ancient times
- Tanach, Lamentations 5:21, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
Declension
[edit]Declension of קֶדֶם
Number | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Form | Person | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||||
singular | indefinite | קֶדֶם | first | קִדְמִי | קִדְמֵנוּ | ||
definite | הַקֶּדֶם | second | קִדְמְךָ | קִדְמֵךְ | קִדְמְכֶם | קִדְמְכֶן | |
construct | קֶדֶם־ | third | קִדְמוֹ | קִדְמָהּ | קִדְמָם | קִדְמָן | |
plural | indefinite | קְדָמִים | first | קדמיי / קְדָמַי | קְדָמֵינוּ | ||
definite | הַקְּדָמִים | second | קְדָמֶיךָ | קדמייך / קְדָמַיִךְ | קְדָמֵיכֶם | קְדָמֵיכֶן | |
construct | קְדָמֵי־ | third | קְדָמָיו | קְדָמֶיהָ | קְדָמֵיהֶם | קְדָמֵיהֶן |
Synonyms
[edit]- (compass point) מזרח
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- קִדְמִי (kidmí)
References
[edit]Verb
[edit]קָדַם • (kadám) (pa'al construction)
- to precede, to come before
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of קָדַם (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms |
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
finite forms | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
past | first | קָדַמְתִּי | קָדַמְנוּ | ||
second | קָדַמְתָּ | קָדַמְתְּ | קְדַמְתֶּם1 | קְדַמְתֶּן1 | |
third | קָדַם | קָדְמָה | קָדְמוּ | ||
present | קוֹדֵם | קוֹדֶמֶת | קוֹדְמִים | קוֹדְמוֹת | |
future | first | אֶקְדַּם | נִקְדַּם | ||
second | תִּקְדַּם | תִּקְדְּמִי | תִּקְדְּמוּ | תִּקְדַּמְנָה2 | |
third | יִקְדַּם | תִּקְדַּם | יִקְדְּמוּ | תִּקְדַּמְנָה2 | |
imperative | קְדַם | קִדְמִי | קִדְמוּ | קְדַמְנָה2 | |
notes |
|
Prefix
[edit]קְדַם־ • (kdám-)
Verb
[edit]קִדֵּם • (kidém) (pi'el construction)
Preposition
[edit]קֹדֶם • (kódem)
Categories:
- Aramaic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Aramaic lemmas
- Aramaic verbs
- Aramaic prepositions
- Hebrew terms belonging to the root ק־ד־ם
- Hebrew terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hebrew terms with audio pronunciation
- Hebrew lemmas
- Hebrew nouns
- Hebrew terms in the pattern קֶטֶל
- Hebrew masculine nouns
- Biblical Hebrew
- Hebrew terms with quotations
- Hebrew verbs
- Hebrew pa'al verbs
- Hebrew prefixes
- Hebrew pi'el verbs
- Hebrew defective spellings
- Hebrew prepositions
- he:Compass points