ארץ

See also: אַרץ

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
א־ר־ץ (ʾ-r-ts)
2 terms

From Proto-Semitic *ʔarṣ́-. Compare Arabic أَرْض (ʔarḍ) and Aramaic אַרְעָא.

Pronunciation

• (Proto-Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔart͡sˤ/
• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔarsˤ/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔɛrɛsˤ/, [ˈʔɛː.ʀɛsˤ]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔarasˤ/, [ˈʔæːrɑsˤ]
• (Persian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈ(ʔ)eres/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈɛʁ̞ɛt͡s/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈ(ʔ)eʁ̞et͡s/

• Audio (Israel):

  (file)

Noun

אֶרֶץ • (érets) f (plural indefinite אֲרָצוֹת, singular construct אֶרֶץ־, plural construct אַרְצוֹת־, Biblical Hebrew pausal form אָרֶץ) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. country, land
2. territory, district, region
3. Earth (the third planet of the Solar System; the world upon which humans live)
   • Tanach, Genesis 1:1, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     בְּרֵאשִׁית בָּרָא אֱלֹהִים אֵת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֵת הָאָרֶץ׃

     b'reshít bará elohím 'ét hashamáyim v'ét ha'árets.

     In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.

4. ground, soil
5. (definite, popular) Israel

Usage notes

• The definite form of this noun is הָאָרֶץ (ha'árets).

Declension

Declension of אֶרֶץ

Number	Isolated forms		With possessive pronouns
	State	Form	Person	singular		plural
				m.	f.	m.	f.
singular	indefinite	אֶרֶץ	first	אַרְצִי		אַרְצֵנוּ
	definite	הָאָרֶץ	second	אַרְצְךָ	אַרְצֵךְ	אַרְצְכֶם	אַרְצְכֶן
	construct	אֶרֶץ־	third	אַרְצוֹ	אַרְצָהּ	אַרְצָם	אַרְצָן
plural	indefinite	אֲרָצוֹת	first	ארצותיי / אַרְצוֹתַי		אַרְצוֹתֵינוּ
	definite	הָאֲרָצוֹת	second	אַרְצוֹתֶיךָ	ארצותייך / אַרְצוֹתַיִךְ	אַרְצוֹתֵיכֶם	אַרְצוֹתֵיכֶן
	construct	אַרְצוֹת־	third	אַרְצוֹתָיו	אַרְצוֹתֶיהָ	אַרְצוֹתָם	אַרְצוֹתָן

Synonyms

• (ground): אֲדָמָה (adamá)
• (Earth): כַּדּוּר הָאָרֶץ (kadúr ha'árets)

Derived terms

• אַרְצִי (artsí)
• חוּץ לָאָרֶץ (khuts la'árets)
• אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל (érets yisra'él)
• אַרְצוֹת הַבְּרִית (ar'tsót hab'rít)
• דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ (dérekh érets)
• עַם הָאָרֶץ (am ha'árets)

See also

• מְדִינָה (m'diná)
• (planets of the Solar System) חַמָּה (khamá), נוגה / נֹגַהּ (nógah), אֶרֶץ (érets), מַאֲדִים (ma'adím), צֶדֶק (tsédek), שַׁבְּתַאי (shabtá'i), אוּרָנוּס (uránus) or אוֹרוֹן (orón), נֶפטוּן (néptun) or רַהַב (raháv)

References

• H776 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible