пелемс

Moksha

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *peľəms, ultimately from Proto-Uralic *pele-. Cognates include Finnish pelätä, Northern Sami ballat, Hungarian fél.^[1]

Veršinin is unsure whether development from пяль (päľ, “half; side”) is possible, he wonders if the meaning could have changed from "side" to "step aside; avoid; fear."^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pʲelʲəms/

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Verb

пелемс • (pelems)

(intransitive) to fear, to be afraid
- O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
  Мон пелян
  Mon pelän
  I am afraid
  
  Монга аф пелян Тяштеняцень эзда
  Monga af pelän Täštenäceń ezda
  I too am not afraid of the Little Star [name of a cow in a short story]
  
  Нолась пели сталмода, кода калмода
  Nolaś peli stalmoda, koda kalmoda
  The lazy fears difficulty/challenge like [he fears the] grave

Usage notes

The presumable object of the verb (i.e., the source of the fear) is put in ablative (-да (-da, “from”)), alternatively the postposition эзда (ezda, “from”) is used.

Conjugation

Subjective conjugation of пелемс

	Present / future
1^st singular — мон (mon)	пелян (pelän)
2^nd singular — тон (ton)	пелят (pelät)
3^rd singular — сон (son)	пели (peli)
1^st plural — минь (miń)	пельхтяма (pelçtäma)
2^nd plural — тинь (tiń)	пельхтяда (pelçtäda)
3^rd plural — синь (siń)	пелихть (pelihť)
	Past I
1^st singular — мон (mon)	пелень (peleń)
2^nd singular — тон (ton)	пелеть (peleť)
3^rd singular — сон (son)	пельсь (pelś)
1^st plural — минь (miń)	пелеме (peleme)
2^nd plural — тинь (tiń)	пеледе (pelede)
3^rd plural — синь (siń)	пельсть (pelsť)
	Compound future
1^st singular — мон (mon)	карман пелема (karman pelema)
2^nd singular — тон (ton)	кармат пелема (karmat pelema)
3^rd singular — сон (son)	кармай пелема (karmaj pelema)
1^st plural — минь (miń)	карматама пелема (karmatama pelema)
2^nd plural — тинь (tiń)	карматада пелема (karmatada pelema)
3^rd plural — синь (siń)	кармайхть пелема (karmajhť pelema)
	Imperative
2^nd singular — тон (ton)	пельхть (pelçť)
2^nd plural — тинь (tiń)	пеледа (peleda)
	Non-finite forms
verbal noun	пелема (pelema)
past passive participle	—
agentive / pres. act. part.	пели (peli)
present passive participle	—

Subjective conjugation in other moods is possible.
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).

References

^ Entry #739 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ Veršinin, V. I. (2004–2005) Этимологический словарь мордовских (эрзянского и мокшанского) языков [Etymological dictionary of Mordvinic (Erzya and Moksha) languages] (in Russian), Joškar Ola, page 342

[1] Entry #739 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[2] Veršinin, V. I. (2004–2005) Этимологический словарь мордовских (эрзянского и мокшанского) языков [Etymological dictionary of Mordvinic (Erzya and Moksha) languages] (in Russian), Joškar Ola, page 342

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