надо

See also: надо- and Appendix:Variations of "nado"

Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic надо (nado), надобѣ (nadobě), from dative/locative singular of надоба (nadoba), from Proto-Slavic *nadoba, from *na- +‎ *doba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnadə]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -adə
• IPA^(key): [ˈnadɐ] (before a stressed syllable)
• IPA^(key): [ˈnaː] (fast or careless speech)

Predicative

на́до • (nádo)

1. (one) must, (it is) necessary
2. one needs, one wants, one has to

   Synonyms: надлежи́т (nadležít), необходи́мо (neobxodímo), ну́жно (núžno), тре́буется (trébujetsja), сле́дует (slédujet)

   Мне на́до уйти́. ― Mne nádo ujtí. ― I have to leave.

   Так ему́ и на́до! ― Tak jemú i nádo! ― He deserves it!

   на́до бы ― nádo by ― (one) ought to

   • 1925, Михаил Булгаков [Mikhail Bulgakov], “Глава 4. Попадья Дроздова”, in Роковые яйца; English translation from K. M. Cook-Horujy, transl., The Fateful Eggs, Moscow: Raduga Publishers, 1990:

     — Что вам на́до? — спроси́л Пе́рсиков таки́м го́лосом, что Панкра́т мгнове́нно ушё́л за дверь, — ведь вам же сказа́ли, что я за́нят?

     — Što vam nádo? — sprosíl Pérsikov takím gólosom, što Pankrát mgnovénno ušól za dverʹ, — vedʹ vam že skazáli, što ja zánjat?

     "What do you want?" asked Persikov in a voice which sent Pankrat scuttling out of the room. "Weren't you told that I am busy?"

Usage notes

The word combination "не на́до" is used in combination with imperfective infinitive verbs. For example,

Не на́до печа́литься. ― Ne nádo pečálitʹsja. ― There is no need to be sad.

Не на́до держа́ть отве́т. ― Ne nádo deržátʹ otvét. ― There is no need to answer.

Не на́до бы́ло пуга́ть бе́лок. ― Ne nádo býlo pugátʹ bélok. ― There was no need to scare the squirrels.

Не на́до is translated as "can't", "mustn't", "needn't", or "don't" (negative imperative).

Descendants

• → Southern Yukaghir: надо (nado)
• → Yakut: наада (naada)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old East Slavic надъ (nadŭ), надо (nado), from Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nədə]
• IPA^(key): [nədɐ] (before a stressed syllable)
• IPA^(key): [ˈnadə] (when stressed)
• IPA^(key): [ˈnadɐ] (when stressed and before a stressed syllable)

Preposition

надо • (nado) [with instrumental]

1. Alternative form of над (nad): above, over

   надо мной ― nado mnoj ― above me

Usage notes

• This is a variant of над (nad) which is sometimes used before words beginning with certain consonant clusters such as вс- (vs-), вш- (vš-), вт- (vt-), льв- (lʹv-), льд- (lʹd-), льн- (lʹn-), лб- (lb-), лж- (lž-), мн- (mn-), мх- (mx-), рв- (rv-), рт- (rt-), рж- (rž-), сн- (sn-), фл- (fl-) and others.

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “над”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “надо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*nadъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 15

Southern Yukaghir

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian на́до (nádo).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnadə]
• Rhymes: -adə
• Hyphenation: на‧до

Predicative

надо (nado)

1. it is necessary that

References

• Elena Maslova (2003) A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 26

Tundra Nenets

Etymology 1

From Proto-Samoyedic *nåto, from Proto-Uralic *nataw.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nʌdo]
• Hyphenation: на‧до

Noun

надо • (nado)

1. brother-in-law (one's husband's younger brother)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nədo]
• Hyphenation: на‧до

Noun

нӑдо • (nădo)

1. steep shore

References

• Pyrerka, A. P., Tereščenko, N. M. (1948) Русско-ненецкий словарь [Russian–Nenets Dictionary], Moscow: Огиз, page 308; 310
• N. M. Tereschenko (2005) “нӑдо”, in Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий, 3rd edition, Saint Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnadɔ]
• Hyphenation: на‧до

Preposition

на́до • (nádo) (+ instrumental case)

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of на́ді (nádi).