χράω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰrá.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkʰra.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈxra.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈxra.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈxra.o/
Etymology 1
[edit]
Verb
[edit]- (with dative of person) to fall upon, attack, assail
- Palatine Anthology 5.296
- (with dative of object) to inflict upon a person
- (with infinitive) to be bent on doing, to be eager to do
Usage notes
[edit]Only used by Homer Thucydides and Xenophon and Philo
Inflection
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χραεῑν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1645
- ^ “χράω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Etymology 2
[edit]See χράομαι (khráomai, “to desire, use”).
Verb
[edit]χράω • (khráō)
- (active voice, of the gods and their oracles) to furnish the needful answer, to declare, pronounce, proclaim
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 396
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 807
- (passive voice) to be declared, proclaimed, delivered
- (middle voice, of the person to whom the response is given) to consult a god or oracle, to inquire of a god or oracle, consult them
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 252
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 292
- Marcellin., Vit.Thuc. 6
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 132
- (of applicants seeking something of the great king)
- (in perfect passive) to receive an oracular response
- to furnish with a thing
- Palatine Anthology 584.10
- (deponent) to use
- to bring into action some feeling, faculty, passion, state of mind; to exercise, indulge
- (of external things) to experience, be subject to
- (paraphrases the verb cognate to its dative)
- (with duplicate dative) to use as such and such
- to use for an end or purpose
- (of external things) to experience, be subject to
- (of persons, with an adverb of manner) to treat them in such a manner
-
- to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ
- to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ
- (especially of sexual intercourse)
- to make use of oneself or one's powers
- (absolute or with an adverb) to be wont to do
- (with accusative of object)
- (perfect with a present sense) to be in need or want of, to yearn after
- (perfect as a strengthened present) to have in use, to have, possess
- (aorist passive)
Inflection
[edit]number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | χρῶ | χρῇς | χρῇ | χρῆτον | χρῆτον | χρῶμεν | χρῆτε | χρῶσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | χρῶ | χρῇς | χρῇ | χρῆτον | χρῆτον | χρῶμεν | χρῆτε | χρῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | χρῴην, χρῷμῐ |
χρῴης, χρῷς |
χρῴη, χρῷ |
χρῷτον, χρῴητον |
χρῴτην, χρῳήτην |
χρῷμεν, χρῴημεν |
χρῷτε, χρῴητε |
χρῷεν, χρῴησᾰν | |||||
imperative | χρῆ | χρήτω | χρῆτον | χρήτων | χρῆτε | χρώντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | χρῶμαι | χρῇ | χρῆται | χρῆσθον | χρῆσθον | χρώμεθᾰ | χρῆσθε | χρῶνται | ||||
subjunctive | χρῶμαι | χρῇ | χρῆται | χρῆσθον | χρῆσθον | χρώμεθᾰ | χρῆσθε | χρῶνται | |||||
optative | χρῴμην | χρῷο | χρῷτο | χρῷσθον | χρῴσθην | χρῴμεθᾰ | χρῷσθε | χρῷντο | |||||
imperative | χρῶ | χρήσθω | χρῆσθον | χρήσθων | χρῆσθε | χρήσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | χρῆν | χρῆσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | χρῶν | χρώμενος | ||||||||||
f | χρῶσᾰ | χρωμένη | |||||||||||
n | χρῶν | χρώμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔχρων | ἔχρης | ἔχρη | ἐχρῆτον | ἐχρήτην | ἐχρῶμεν | ἐχρῆτε | ἔχρων | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐχρώμην | ἐχρῶ | ἐχρῆτο | ἐχρῆσθον | ἐχρήσθην | ἐχρώμεθᾰ | ἐχρῆσθε | ἐχρῶντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | χρήσω | χρήσεις | χρήσει | χρήσετον | χρήσετον | χρήσομεν | χρήσετε | χρήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | χρήσοιμῐ | χρήσοις | χρήσοι | χρήσοιτον | χρησοίτην | χρήσοιμεν | χρήσοιτε | χρήσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | χρήσομαι | χρήσῃ, χρήσει |
χρήσεται | χρήσεσθον | χρήσεσθον | χρησόμεθᾰ | χρήσεσθε | χρήσονται | ||||
optative | χρησοίμην | χρήσοιο | χρήσοιτο | χρήσοισθον | χρησοίσθην | χρησοίμεθᾰ | χρήσοισθε | χρήσοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | χρησθήσομαι | χρησθήσῃ | χρησθήσεται | χρησθήσεσθον | χρησθήσεσθον | χρησθησόμεθᾰ | χρησθήσεσθε | χρησθήσονται | ||||
optative | χρησθησοίμην | χρησθήσοιο | χρησθήσοιτο | χρησθήσοισθον | χρησθησοίσθην | χρησθησοίμεθᾰ | χρησθήσοισθε | χρησθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | χρήσειν | χρήσεσθαι | χρησθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | χρήσων | χρησόμενος | χρησθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | χρήσουσᾰ | χρησομένη | χρησθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | χρῆσον | χρησόμενον | χρησθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “χράω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “χράω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “χράω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- χράω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- χράω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “χράω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5531 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible