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πόντος

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Πόντος

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hellenic *póntos, from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s (path, road).[1]

Cognates include Sanskrit पन्था (pánthā-, way), Old Armenian հուն (hun, riverbed), Latin pōns (bridge), and Old English findan (English find).

Attested in Mycenaean Greek as 𐀡𐀵 (po-to).[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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πόντος (póntosm (genitive πόντου); second declension

  1. the sea
    Synonyms: θάλασσα (thálassa), πέλαγος (pélagos)
    1. (often combined with epithets in Homer)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.613:
        αὐτὸς γάρ σφιν δῶκεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων
        νῆας ἐϋσσέλμους περάᾱν ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον
        Ἀτρεΐδης, ἐπεὶ οὔ σφι θαλάσσια ἔργα μεμήλει.
        autòs gár sphin dôken ánax andrôn Agamémnōn
        nêas eüssélmous peráān epì oínopa pónton
        Atreḯdēs, epeì oú sphi thalássia érga memḗlei.
        For Agamemnon son of Atreus himself had given [the Arcadians]
        strong-benched ships for crossing the wine-dark sea,
        since they weren't interested in the work of the sea.
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.744:
        Φοίνῑκες δ’ ἄγον ἄνδρες ἐπ’ ἠεροειδέα πόντον,
        Phoínīkes d’ ágon ándres ep’ ēeroeidéa pónton,
        Phoenician men had brought [the mixing bowl] over the misty sea,
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.196–198:
        οὐ γάρ πω τέθνηκεν ἐπὶ χθονὶ δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς,
        ἀλλ’ ἔτι που ζωὸς κατερῡ́κεται εὐρέϊ πόντῳ,
        νήσῳ̆ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ,
        ou gár pō téthnēken epì khthonì dîos Odusseús,
        all’ éti pou zōòs katerū́ketai euréï póntōi,
        nḗsōi en amphirútēi,
        [Athena disguised as Mentes talking to Telemachus:]
        For noble Odysseus hasn't died yet on earth,
        but is probably still alive and being detained on the wide sea
        on a sea-girt isle,

Inflection

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πόντος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1221
  2. ^ John Chadwick, Lydia Baumbach (1963) “The Mycenaean Greek Vocabulary”, in Glotta : Zeitschrift für griechische und lateinische Sprache, volume 41, number 3/4, Göttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG), →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 237 of 157–271:πόντος

Further reading

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Greek

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Venetan pont (point, end).

Noun

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πόντος (póntosm (plural πόντοι)

  1. point (the unit of scoring in a game or competition)
  2. centimeter
  3. ladder (length of unravelled fabric in a knitted garment, especially in nylon stockings)
Declension
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Declension of πόντος
singular plural
nominative πόντος (póntos) πόντοι (póntoi)
genitive πόντου (póntou) πόντων (pónton)
accusative πόντο (pónto) πόντους (póntous)
vocative πόντε (pónte) πόντοι (póntoi)

Etymology 2

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From Ancient Greek πόντος (póntos, see above).

Noun

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πόντος (póntosm (plural πόντοι)

  1. open sea, large sea
Usage notes
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The more common terms:

  • ωκεανός m (okeanós, ocean) (e.g. Atlantic, Pacific)
  • θάλασσα f (thálassa, larger sea) (e.g. Mediterranean, Baltic, Caribbean)
  • πέλαγος n (pélagos, smaller sea) (e.g. Adriatic, Aegean, Ionian)
Declension
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Declension of πόντος
singular plural
nominative πόντος (póntos) πόντοι (póntoi)
genitive πόντου (póntou) πόντων (pónton)
accusative πόντο (pónto) πόντους (póntous)
vocative πόντε (pónte) πόντοι (póntoi)
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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