πέλαγος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. Some suggest the source is Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“flat, broad, plain”), whereas others such as Beekes suggest a non-Indo-European origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pé.la.ɡos/ → /ˈpe.la.ɣos/ → /ˈpe.la.ɣos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pé.la.ɡos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.la.ɡos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.la.ɣos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.la.ɣos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.la.ɣos/

Noun

πέλᾰγος • (pélagos) n (genitive πελᾰ́γους); third declension

1. sea

   Synonyms: θάλασσα (thálassa), πόντος (póntos)

Declension

Third declension of τὸ πέλᾰγος; τοῦ πελᾰ́γους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πέλᾰγος tò pélagos	τὼ πελᾰ́γει tṑ pelágei	τᾰ̀ πελᾰ́γη tà pelágē
Genitive	τοῦ πελᾰ́γους toû pelágous	τοῖν πελᾰγοῖν toîn pelagoîn	τῶν πελᾰγῶν tôn pelagôn
Dative	τῷ πελᾰ́γει tôi pelágei	τοῖν πελᾰγοῖν toîn pelagoîn	τοῖς πελᾰ́γεσῐ / πελᾰ́γεσῐν toîs pelágesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πέλᾰγος tò pélagos	τὼ πελᾰ́γει tṑ pelágei	τᾰ̀ πελᾰ́γη tà pelágē
Vocative	πέλᾰγος pélagos	πελᾰ́γει pelágei	πελᾰ́γη pelágē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: πέλαγος (pélagos)
• → Albanian: pellg
• → Coptic: ⲡⲉⲗⲁⲅⲟⲥ (pelagos)
• → Latin: pelagus (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Armenian: պեղագոս (pełagos)

Further reading

• “πέλαγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πέλαγος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πέλαγος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πέλαγος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πέλαγος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • abyss idem, page 5.
  • crop idem, page 185.
  • deep idem, page 203.
  • high seas idem, page 399.
  • ocean idem, page 569.
  • open idem, page 574.
  • sea idem, page 744.
  • storm idem, page 821.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πέλαγος (pélagos, “sea”).

Noun

πέλαγος • (pélagos) n (plural πελάγη)

1. sea (Adriatic, Aegean, Ionian, etc.)

Usage notes

• ωκεανός m (okeanós, “ocean”) (e.g. Atlantic, Pacific)
• θάλασσα f (thálassa, “larger sea”) (e.g. Mediterranean, Baltic, Caribbean)
• πέλαγος n (pélagos, “smaller sea”) (e.g. Adriatic, Aegean, Ionian)

Declension

Declension of πέλαγος

	singular	plural
nominative	πέλαγος •	πελάγη •
genitive	πελάγους •	πελαγών •
accusative	πέλαγος •	πελάγη •
vocative	πέλαγος •	πελάγη •
The alternative genitive plural πελάγων is more common.

Synonyms

• πέλαγο n (pélago) (literary, very colloquial)
• πέλαο n (pélao) (very colloquial)

Derived terms

• Αιγαίο πέλαγος n (Aigaío pélagos)

Descendants

• → Ladino: pelagos

Further reading

• πέλαγος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el