πορφύρα

See also: πορφυρά

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πορφύρρη (porphúrrhē) — Ionic

Etymology

Traditionally derived from πορφύρω (porphúrō, “I redden”), itself related to φύρω (phúrō, “I mix”), Hittite 𒁍𒊒𒌓 (purut, “mud, soil”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhuráti, “have convulsions, sprawl”). However, Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the absence of connections in other Indo-European languages.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /por.pʰý.raː/ → /porˈɸy.ra/ → /porˈfi.ra/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /por.pʰý.raː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /porˈpʰy.ra/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /porˈɸy.ra/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /porˈfy.ra/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /porˈfi.ra/

Noun

πορφῠ́ρᾱ • (porphúrā) f (genitive πορφῠ́ρᾱς); first declension

1. purple-fish (Hexaplex trunculus)

   Synonym: κᾰ́λχη (kálkhē)

2. a purple dye obtained from it
3. (in the plural) cloths of purple
4. purple stripe or other adornment of a garment

Declension

First declension of ἡ πορφῠ́ρᾱ; τῆς πορφῠ́ρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πορφῠ́ρᾱ hē porphúrā	τὼ πορφῠ́ρᾱ tṑ porphúrā	αἱ πορφῠ́ραι hai porphúrai
Genitive	τῆς πορφῠ́ρᾱς tês porphúrās	τοῖν πορφῠ́ραιν toîn porphúrain	τῶν πορφῠρῶν tôn porphurôn
Dative	τῇ πορφῠ́ρᾳ têi porphúrāi	τοῖν πορφῠ́ραιν toîn porphúrain	ταῖς πορφῠ́ραις taîs porphúrais
Accusative	τὴν πορφῠ́ρᾱν tḕn porphúrān	τὼ πορφῠ́ρᾱ tṑ porphúrā	τᾱ̀ς πορφῠ́ρᾱς tā̀s porphúrās
Vocative	πορφῠ́ρᾱ porphúrā	πορφῠ́ρᾱ porphúrā	πορφῠ́ραι porphúrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἁλιπόρφυρος (halipórphuros)
• ἐπιπόρφυρος (epipórphuros)
• ὁλοπόρφυρος (holopórphuros)
• παμπόρφυρος (pampórphuros)
• περιπόρφυρος (peripórphuros)
• πλᾰτῠπόρφῠρος (platupórphuros)
• πορφυράνθεμος (porphuránthemos)
• πορφυρεῖον (porphureîon)
• πορφύρεος (porphúreos)
• πορφυρεύς (porphureús)
• πορφυρευτής (porphureutḗs)
• πορφυρεύω (porphureúō)
• πορφυρίζω (porphurízō)
• πορφυρική (porphurikḗ)
• πορφύριον (porphúrion)
• πορφυρίς (porphurís)
• πορφυρίτης (porphurítēs)
• πορφυρῖτις (porphurîtis)
• πορφυρίων (porphuríōn)
• πορφυρόβαπτος (porphuróbaptos)
• πορφυροβάφος (porphurobáphos)
• πορφυροδίνης (porphurodínēs)
• πορφυροειδής (porphuroeidḗs)
• πορφυρόεις (porphuróeis)
• πορφυροεργής (porphuroergḗs)
• πορφυρόζωνος (porphurózōnos)
• πορφυρόκαυλος (porphurókaulos)
• πορφυροκλέπτης (porphurokléptēs)
• πορφυρομιγής (porphuromigḗs)
• πορφυρόνωτος (porphurónōtos)
• πορφυρόπεζα (porphurópeza)
• πορφυροπώλης (porphuropṓlēs)
• πορφυρόστρωτος (porphuróstrōtos)
• πορφυροσχήμων (porphuroskhḗmōn)
• πορφυροῦς (porphuroûs)
• πορφυρόχροος (porphurókhroos)
• πορφῠ́ρω (porphúrō)
• πορφυρώδης (porphurṓdēs)
• ὑποπόρφυρος (hupopórphuros)
• ψευδοπόρφυρον (pseudopórphuron)

 

Descendants

• Greek: πορφύρα (porfýra)
• → Latin: purpura (see there for further descendants)
• → Translingual: Porphyra

Further reading

• “πορφύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πορφύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πορφύρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πορφύρα (porphúra).

Noun

πορφύρα • (porfýra) f (plural πορφύρες)

1. murex (the mollusc)
2. Tyrian purple, royal purple (the dye, and its colour, obtained from the mollusc)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	πορφύρα (porfýra)	πορφύρες (porfýres)
genitive	πορφύρας (porfýras)	-
accusative	πορφύρα (porfýra)	πορφύρες (porfýres)
vocative	πορφύρα (porfýra)	πορφύρες (porfýres)

Synonyms

• (colour): πορφυρό n (porfyró)

Related terms

• πορφυρός (porfyrós, “purple”, adj)

Further reading

• Πορφύρα (χρωστική) on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el