παράνυμφος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From παρα- (para-) +‎ νύμφη (númphē, “bride”) +‎ -ος (-os).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pa.rá.nym.pʰos/ → /paˈra.nym.ɸos/ → /paˈra.nim.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pa.rá.nym.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /paˈra.nym.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /paˈra.nym.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /paˈra.nym.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /paˈra.nim.fos/

Noun

πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφος • (paránumphos) m or f (genitive πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφου); second declension

1. (masculine) bridegroom's friend or best man
2. (feminine) bridesmaid, one of the dramatis personae

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ, ἡ πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφος; τοῦ, τῆς πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφος ho, hē paránumphos	τὼ πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφω tṑ paranúmphō	οἱ, αἱ πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφοι hoi, hai paránumphoi
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφου toû, tês paranúmphou	τοῖν πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφοιν toîn paranúmphoin	τῶν πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφων tôn paranúmphōn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφῳ tôi, têi paranúmphōi	τοῖν πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφοιν toîn paranúmphoin	τοῖς, ταῖς πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφοις toîs, taîs paranúmphois
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφον tòn, tḕn paránumphon	τὼ πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφω tṑ paranúmphō	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφους toùs, tā̀s paranúmphous
Vocative	πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφε paránumphe	πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφω paranúmphō	πᾰρᾰ́νῠμφοι paránumphoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• πᾰρᾰνῠμφεύω (paranumpheúō)
• πᾰρᾰνῠ́μφῐος (paranúmphios)

 

Descendants

• Greek: παράνυμφος (paránymfos)
• → Latin: paranymphus
  • Catalan: paranimf
  • → Dutch: paranimf
  • French: paranymphe
    • → English: paranymph
  • Italian: paraninfo
  • Spanish: paraninfo

Further reading

• “παράνυμφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “παράνυμφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• παράνυμφος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

Greek

Alternative forms

• παράνυφος c (parányfos)
• παράνυφη f (parányfi)
• παράνυμφη f (paránymfi)

Noun

παράνυμφος • (paránymfos) m or f (plural παράνυμφοι)

1. bridesmaid, best man

Declension

Declension of παράνυμφος

	singular	plural
nominative	παράνυμφος (paránymfos)	παράνυμφοι (paránymfoi)
genitive	παρανύμφου (paranýmfou)	παρανύμφων (paranýmfon)
accusative	παράνυμφο (paránymfo)	παρανύμφους (paranýmfous)
vocative	παράνυμφε (paránymfe)	παράνυμφοι (paránymfoi)