λόγχη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k- (“to hit”), compare Latin lancea (“lance”) and Old Armenian գեղարդն (gełardn, “spear”), or a Semitic borrowing corresponding to Hebrew רֹמַח (rómaḥ, “spear”), Arabic رُمْح (rumḥ, “spear”) etc. (see the Arabic), but Beekes leaves the etymology unexplained.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lóŋ.kʰɛː/ → /ˈloɲ.çi/ → /ˈloɲ.çi/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lóŋ.kʰɛː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈloŋ.kʰe̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈloɲ.çi/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈloɲ.çi/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈloɲ.çi/

Noun

λόγχη • (lónkhē) f (genitive λόγχης); first declension

1. spearhead
   1. lance, spear, javelin
   2. troop of spearmen

Inflection

First declension of ἡ λόγχη; τῆς λόγχης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ λόγχη hē lónkhē	τὼ λόγχᾱ tṑ lónkhā	αἱ λόγχαι hai lónkhai
Genitive	τῆς λόγχης tês lónkhēs	τοῖν λόγχαιν toîn lónkhain	τῶν λογχῶν tôn lonkhôn
Dative	τῇ λόγχῃ têi lónkhēi	τοῖν λόγχαιν toîn lónkhain	ταῖς λόγχαις taîs lónkhais
Accusative	τὴν λόγχην tḕn lónkhēn	τὼ λόγχᾱ tṑ lónkhā	τᾱ̀ς λόγχᾱς tā̀s lónkhās
Vocative	λόγχη lónkhē	λόγχᾱ lónkhā	λόγχαι lónkhai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• λογχίον (lonkhíon, “small lance”)
• λόγχιμος (lónkhimos, “belonging to the lance”)
• λογχωτός (lonkhōtós, “provided with a lance”)
• λογχίτης (lonkhítēs, “lance bearer”)
• λογχῖτις (lonkhîtis, “holly fern”)
• λογχεύω (lonkheúō, “to pierce with a lance”)
• λογχάριον (lonkhárion, “a kind of ornament”)

Descendants

• Greek: λόγχη (lónchi)

References

• “λόγχη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• λόγχη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Lagarde, Paul de (1887) Mittheilungen (in German), volume 2, Göttingen: Dieterichsche Sortimentsbuchhandlung, page 356

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λόγχη (lónkhē).

Noun

λόγχη • (lónchi) f (plural λόγχες)

1. spear, lance

Declension

Declension of λόγχη

	singular	plural
nominative	λόγχη (lónchi)	λόγχες (lónches)
genitive	λόγχης (lónchis)	λογχών (lonchón)
accusative	λόγχη (lónchi)	λόγχες (lónches)
vocative	λόγχη (lónchi)	λόγχες (lónches)

Synonyms

• δόρυ (dóry)

Related terms

• λογχίζω (lonchízo, “to spear”)
• λογχοφόρος m (lonchofóros, “spearman”)
• ξιφολόγχη f (xifolónchi, “bayonet”)