κλάω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”). Cognate with Latin percellō.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /klá.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
Verb
[edit]κλᾰ́ω • (kláō)
- to break, to break off, to break into pieces
- (of geometric lines, passive voice) to be broken or deflected
- to break, to weaken, to frustrate
Inflection
[edit] Present: κλᾰ́ω, κλᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κλᾰ́ω | κλᾰ́εις | κλᾰ́ει | κλᾰ́ετον | κλᾰ́ετον | κλᾰ́ομεν | κλᾰ́ετε | κλᾰ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κλᾰ́ω | κλᾰ́ῃς | κλᾰ́ῃ | κλᾰ́ητον | κλᾰ́ητον | κλᾰ́ωμεν | κλᾰ́ητε | κλᾰ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κλᾰ́οιμῐ | κλᾰ́οις | κλᾰ́οι | κλᾰ́οιτον | κλᾰοίτην | κλᾰ́οιμεν | κλᾰ́οιτε | κλᾰ́οιεν | |||||
imperative | κλά | κλᾰέτω | κλᾰ́ετον | κλᾰέτων | κλᾰ́ετε | κλᾰόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κλᾰ́ομαι | κλᾰ́ῃ, κλᾰ́ει |
κλᾰ́εται | κλᾰ́εσθον | κλᾰ́εσθον | κλᾰόμεθᾰ | κλᾰ́εσθε | κλᾰ́ονται | ||||
subjunctive | κλᾰ́ωμαι | κλᾰ́ῃ | κλᾰ́ηται | κλᾰ́ησθον | κλᾰ́ησθον | κλᾰώμεθᾰ | κλᾰ́ησθε | κλᾰ́ωνται | |||||
optative | κλᾰοίμην | κλᾰ́οιο | κλᾰ́οιτο | κλᾰ́οισθον | κλᾰοίσθην | κλᾰοίμεθᾰ | κλᾰ́οισθε | κλᾰ́οιντο | |||||
imperative | κλᾰ́ου | κλᾰέσθω | κλᾰ́εσθον | κλᾰέσθων | κλᾰ́εσθε | κλᾰέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κλᾰ́ειν | κλᾰ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κλᾰ́ων | κλᾰόμενος | ||||||||||
f | κλᾰ́ουσᾰ | κλᾰομένη | |||||||||||
n | κλᾰ́ον | κλᾰόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κλῶ | κλᾷς | κλᾷ | κλᾶτον | κλᾶτον | κλῶμεν | κλᾶτε | κλῶσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κλῶ | κλᾷς | κλᾷ | κλᾶτον | κλᾶτον | κλῶμεν | κλᾶτε | κλῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κλῴην, κλῷμῐ |
κλῴης, κλῷς |
κλῴη, κλῷ |
κλῷτον, κλῴητον |
κλῴτην, κλῳήτην |
κλῷμεν, κλῴημεν |
κλῷτε, κλῴητε |
κλῷεν, κλῴησᾰν | |||||
imperative | κλά | κλᾱ́τω | κλᾶτον | κλᾱ́των | κλᾶτε | κλώντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κλῶμαι | κλᾷ | κλᾶται | κλᾶσθον | κλᾶσθον | κλώμεθᾰ | κλᾶσθε | κλῶνται | ||||
subjunctive | κλῶμαι | κλᾷ | κλᾶται | κλᾶσθον | κλᾶσθον | κλώμεθᾰ | κλᾶσθε | κλῶνται | |||||
optative | κλῴμην | κλῷο | κλῷτο | κλῷσθον | κλῴσθην | κλῴμεθᾰ | κλῷσθε | κλῷντο | |||||
imperative | κλῶ | κλᾱ́σθω | κλᾶσθον | κλᾱ́σθων | κλᾶσθε | κλᾱ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κλᾶν | κλᾶσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κλῶν | κλώμενος | ||||||||||
f | κλῶσᾰ | κλωμένη | |||||||||||
n | κλῶν | κλώμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔκλᾰον | ἔκλᾰες | ἔκλᾰε(ν) | ἐκλᾰ́ετον | ἐκλᾰέτην | ἐκλᾰ́ομεν | ἐκλᾰ́ετε | ἔκλᾰον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκλᾰόμην | ἐκλᾰ́ου | ἐκλᾰ́ετο | ἐκλᾰ́εσθον | ἐκλᾰέσθην | ἐκλᾰόμεθᾰ | ἐκλᾰ́εσθε | ἐκλᾰ́οντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔκλων | ἔκλᾱς | ἔκλᾱ | ἐκλᾶτον | ἐκλᾱ́την | ἐκλῶμεν | ἐκλᾶτε | ἔκλων | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκλώμην | ἐκλῶ | ἐκλᾶτο | ἐκλᾶσθον | ἐκλᾱ́σθην | ἐκλώμεθᾰ | ἐκλᾶσθε | ἐκλῶντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: κέκλᾰσμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κέκλᾰσμαι | κέκλᾰσαι | κέκλᾰσται | κέκλᾰσθον | κέκλᾰσθον | κεκλᾰ́σμεθᾰ | κέκλᾰσθε | κεκλᾰ́σᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | κεκλᾰσμένος ὦ | κεκλᾰσμένος ᾖς | κεκλᾰσμένος ᾖ | κεκλᾰσμένω ἦτον | κεκλᾰσμένω ἦτον | κεκλᾰσμένοι ὦμεν | κεκλᾰσμένοι ἦτε | κεκλᾰσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κεκλᾰσμένος εἴην | κεκλᾰσμένος εἴης | κεκλᾰσμένος εἴη | κεκλᾰσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | κεκλᾰσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | κεκλᾰσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | κεκλᾰσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | κεκλᾰσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | κέκλᾰσο | κεκλᾰ́σθω | κέκλᾰσθον | κεκλᾰ́σθων | κέκλᾰσθε | κεκλᾰ́σθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | κεκλᾰ́σθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | κεκλᾰσμένος | |||||||||||
f | κεκλᾰσμένη | ||||||||||||
n | κεκλᾰσμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἄκλᾰστος (áklastos)
- ἀνακλᾰσμός (anaklasmós)
- ἀνακλάω (anakláō)
- κατακλάω (katakláō)
- κλᾰ́σῐς (klásis)
- κλᾰ́σμᾰ (klásma)
- κλᾰσμάτιον (klasmátion)
- κλᾰσμός (klasmós)
- κλᾰστήριον (klastḗrion)
- κλάστης (klástēs)
- κλᾰστός (klastós)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Greek: κλάνω (kláno, “to fart”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Attic form of κλαίω (klaíō, “weep”). Root of κλαϝ- (klaw-).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /klǎː.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkla.o/
Verb
[edit]κλᾱ́ω • (klā́ō) (Attic) of κλαίω (klaíō)
- first-person singular present active indicative/subjunctive of κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō),
Conjugation
[edit]- See at κλαίω.
References
[edit]- “κλάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κλάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κλάω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κλάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κλάω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G2806 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN