διαρρέω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- διαρέω (diaréō)
Etymology
[edit]From δῐᾰ- (dia-, “through”) + ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /di.ar̥.r̥é.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /di.arˈre.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ði.arˈre.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ði.arˈre.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ði.aˈre.o/
Verb
[edit]δῐᾰρρέω • (diarrhéō)
- to flow (through), to run (of liquids)
- to slip through
- to leak
- (figuratively) to fade away, wane, go to waste
Inflection
[edit]This verb does not contract ε with η, ο, or ω.
Present: δῐαρρέω, δῐαρρέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐέρρεον | δῐέρρεις | δῐέρρει | δῐερρεῖτον | δῐερρείτην | δῐερρέομεν | δῐερρεῖτε | δῐέρρεον | ||||
middle | indicative | δῐερρεόμην | δῐερρέου | δῐερρεῖτο | δῐερρεῖσθον | δῐερρείσθην | δῐερρεόμεθᾰ | δῐερρεῖσθε | δῐερρέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: δῐέρρεον, δῐερρεόμην (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐέρρεον | δῐέρρεες | δῐέρρεε(ν) | δῐερρέετον | δῐερρεέτην | δῐερρέομεν | δῐερρέετε | δῐέρρεον | ||||
middle | indicative | δῐερρεόμην | δῐερρέου | δῐερρέετο | δῐερρέεσθον | δῐερρεέσθην | δῐερρεόμεθᾰ | δῐερρέεσθε | δῐερρέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐάρρειον | δῐάρρειες | δῐάρρειε(ν) | δῐαρρείετον | δῐαρρειέτην | δῐαρρείομεν | δῐαρρείετε | δῐάρρειον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | δῐαρρειόμην | δῐαρρείου | δῐαρρείετο | δῐαρρείεσθον | δῐαρρειέσθην | δῐαρρειόμε(σ)θᾰ | δῐαρρείεσθε | δῐαρρείοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐαρρεύσω | δῐαρρεύσεις | δῐαρρεύσει | δῐαρρεύσετον | δῐαρρεύσετον | δῐαρρεύσομεν | δῐαρρεύσετε | δῐαρρεύσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐαρρεύσοιμῐ | δῐαρρεύσοις | δῐαρρεύσοι | δῐαρρεύσοιτον | δῐαρρευσοίτην | δῐαρρεύσοιμεν | δῐαρρεύσοιτε | δῐαρρεύσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐαρρεύσομαι | δῐαρρεύσεαι | δῐαρρεύσεται | δῐαρρεύσεσθον | δῐαρρεύσεσθον | δῐαρρευσόμεθᾰ | δῐαρρεύσεσθε | δῐαρρεύσονται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσοίμην | δῐαρρεύσοιο | δῐαρρεύσοιτο | δῐαρρεύσοισθον | δῐαρρευσοίσθην | δῐαρρευσοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρεύσοισθε | δῐαρρεύσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρεύσειν | δῐαρρεύσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρεύσων | δῐαρρευσόμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐαρρεύσουσᾰ | δῐαρρευσομένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐαρρεῦσον | δῐαρρευσόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: δῐαρρῠήσομαι (Attic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | δῐαρρῠήσομαι | δῐαρρῠήσῃ | δῐαρρῠήσεται | δῐαρρῠήσεσθον | δῐαρρῠήσεσθον | δῐαρρῠησόμεθᾰ | δῐαρρῠήσεσθε | δῐαρρῠήσονται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρῠησοίμην | δῐαρρῠήσοιο | δῐαρρῠήσοιτο | δῐαρρῠήσοισθον | δῐαρρῠησοίσθην | δῐαρρῠησοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρῠήσοισθε | δῐαρρῠήσοιντο | |||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρῠήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρῠησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | δῐαρρῠησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | δῐαρρῠησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: δῐαρρευσέω, δῐαρρευσέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐαρρευσέω | δῐαρρευσέεις | δῐαρρευσέει | δῐαρρευσέετον | δῐαρρευσέετον | δῐαρρευσέομεν | δῐαρρευσέετε | δῐαρρευσέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσέοιμῐ | δῐαρρευσέοις | δῐαρρευσέοι | δῐαρρευσέοιτον | δῐαρρευσεοίτην | δῐαρρευσέοιμεν | δῐαρρευσέοιτε | δῐαρρευσέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐαρρευσέομαι | δῐαρρευσέῃ, δῐαρρευσέει |
δῐαρρευσέεται | δῐαρρευσέεσθον | δῐαρρευσέεσθον | δῐαρρευσεόμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσέεσθε | δῐαρρευσέονται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσεοίμην | δῐαρρευσέοιο | δῐαρρευσέοιτο | δῐαρρευσέοισθον | δῐαρρευσεοίσθην | δῐαρρευσεοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσέοισθε | δῐαρρευσέοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρευσέειν | δῐαρρευσέεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρευσέων | δῐαρρευσεόμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐαρρευσέουσᾰ | δῐαρρευσεομένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐαρρευσέον | δῐαρρευσεόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐαρρευσῶ | δῐαρρευσεῖς | δῐαρρευσεῖ | δῐαρρευσεῖτον | δῐαρρευσεῖτον | δῐαρρευσοῦμεν | δῐαρρευσεῖτε | δῐαρρευσοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσοίην, δῐαρρευσοῖμῐ |
δῐαρρευσοίης, δῐαρρευσοῖς |
δῐαρρευσοίη, δῐαρρευσοῖ |
δῐαρρευσοῖτον, δῐαρρευσοίητον |
δῐαρρευσοίτην, δῐαρρευσοιήτην |
δῐαρρευσοῖμεν, δῐαρρευσοίημεν |
δῐαρρευσοῖτε, δῐαρρευσοίητε |
δῐαρρευσοῖεν, δῐαρρευσοίησᾰν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐαρρευσοῦμαι | δῐαρρευσῇ | δῐαρρευσεῖται | δῐαρρευσεῖσθον | δῐαρρευσεῖσθον | δῐαρρευσούμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσεῖσθε | δῐαρρευσοῦνται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσοίμην | δῐαρρευσοῖο | δῐαρρευσοῖτο | δῐαρρευσοῖσθον | δῐαρρευσοίσθην | δῐαρρευσοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσοῖσθε | δῐαρρευσοῖντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρευσεῖν | δῐαρρευσεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρευσῶν | δῐαρρευσούμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐαρρευσοῦσᾰ | δῐαρρευσουμένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐαρρευσοῦν | δῐαρρευσούμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: δῐέρρευσᾰ, δῐερρευσᾰ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | δῐερρῠ́ην | δῐερρῠ́ης | δῐερρῠ́η | δῐερρῠ́ητον | δῐερρῠήτην | δῐερρῠ́ημεν | δῐερρῠ́ητε | δῐερρῠ́ησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | δῐαρρῠῶ | δῐαρρῠῇς | δῐαρρῠῇ | δῐαρρῠῆτον | δῐαρρῠῆτον | δῐαρρῠῶμεν | δῐαρρῠῆτε | δῐαρρῠῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐαρρῠείην | δῐαρρῠείης | δῐαρρῠείη | δῐαρρῠεῖτον, δῐαρρῠείητον |
δῐαρρῠείτην, δῐαρρῠειήτην |
δῐαρρῠεῖμεν, δῐαρρῠείημεν |
δῐαρρῠεῖτε, δῐαρρῠείητε |
δῐαρρῠεῖεν, δῐαρρῠείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | δῐαρρῠ́ηθῐ | δῐαρρῠήτω | δῐαρρῠ́ητον | δῐαρρῠήτων | δῐαρρῠ́ητε | δῐαρρῠέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρῠῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρῠείς | |||||||||||
f | δῐαρρῠεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | δῐαρρῠέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀδῐᾰ́ρρευστος (adiárrheustos, “non-deliquescent”) (medicine)
- ἀδῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ f (adiárrhoia, “constipation”)
- δῐᾰρροή f (diarrhoḗ, “channel, pipe; flowing through”)
- δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ f (diárrhoia, “flowing through, diarrhoea”)
- δῐᾰρροϊκός (diarrhoïkós, “suffering from diarrhoea”)
- δῐᾰ́ρρους m (diárrhous, “passage, channel”)
- δῐᾰ́ρρῠσις f (diárrhusis, “διάρρους passage, channel”)
- δῐᾰ́ρρῠτος (diárrhutos, “intersected by streams”)
- ἐπῐδῐᾰρρέω (epidiarrhéō, “flow through or melt away besides”)
- λογοδῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ f (logodiárrhoia, “flux of words”)
- σῠνδῐᾰρρέω (sundiarrhéō, “flow through along with”)
- and see ῥέω (rhéō, “flow”)
Descendants
[edit]- Greek: διαρρέω (diarréo)
Further reading
[edit]- “διαρρέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- διαρρέω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- crumble idem, page 187.
- decay idem, page 199.
- decline idem, page 201.
- disappear idem, page 227.
- drain idem, page 250.
- droop idem, page 254.
- drop idem, page 254.
- dwindle idem, page 257.
- ebb idem, page 260.
- evaporate idem, page 284.
- fade idem, page 301.
- fall idem, page 303.
- flow idem, page 329.
- melt idem, page 524.
- pass idem, page 595.
- perish idem, page 607.
- piece idem, page 611.
- pine idem, page 613.
- sink idem, page 779.
- unremembered idem, page 929.
- vanish idem, page 943.
- wane idem, page 961.
- waste away idem, page 965.
- wear arms idem, page 970.
- wither idem, page 984.
- “διαρρέω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δῐᾰρρέω. For sense information leaks, semantic loan from English leak. For sense people move out, semantic loan from French écouler.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]διαρρέω • (diarréo) (past διέρρευσα, passive διαρρέομαι)
- (of rivers) to flow through [with accusative]
- Ο Νείλος διαρρέει πολλές χώρες.
- O Neílos diarréei pollés chóres.
- The Nile flows through many countries.
- to leak (liquid or gas through a hole)
- (figuratively, of time) to pass
- Διέρρευσε πολύς χρόνος μετά τη λήξη της προθεσμίας.
- Diérrefse polýs chrónos metá ti líxi tis prothesmías.
- A long time passed by after the deadline.
- (figuratively, of time) to pass
- (figuratively) to leak (secrets, confidential information)
- Διέρρευσαν μυστικά έγγραφα.
- Diérrefsan mystiká éngrafa.
- Classified documents are leaked.
- (colloquially transitive, neologism) to leak on purpose [2]
- Πηγές του κόμματος διαρρέουν ότι ο υπουργός θα παραιτηθεί σύντομα.
- Pigés tou kómmatos diarréoun óti o ypourgós tha paraititheí sýntoma.
- Party sources are leaking that the minister will soon resign.
- Synonym: διοχετεύω (diochetévo)
- (impersonal) to be leaked, to be let known
- (rare, of people) to disperse, diminish in numbers
- Οι οπαδοί διαρρέουν προς άλλα κόμματα.
- Oi opadoí diarréoun pros álla kómmata.
- Party followers are moving to other parties.
- Synonym: απομακρύνομαι (apomakrýnomai)
- to drain (container; area of land)
Conjugation
[edit]διαρρέω διαρρέομαι (passive only in the present stem)
Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
1 sg | διαρρέω | διαρρεύσω | διαρρέομαι | — |
2 sg | διαρρέεις | διαρρεύσεις | διαρρέεσαι | — |
3 sg | διαρρέει | διαρρεύσει | διαρρέεται1 | — |
1 pl | διαρρέουμε, [‑ομε] | διαρρεύσουμε, [‑ομε] | διαρρεόμαστε | — |
2 pl | διαρρέετε | διαρρεύσετε | διαρρέεστε, διαρρεόσαστε | — |
3 pl | διαρρέουν[ε] | διαρρεύσσυν[ε] | διαρρέονται | — |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
1 sg | διέρρεα | διέρρευσα | διαρρεόμουν(α) | — |
2 sg | διέρρεες | διέρρευσες | διαρρεόσουν(α) | — |
3 sg | διέρρεε | διέρρευσε | διαρρεόταν(ε) | — |
1 pl | διαρρέαμε | διαρρεύσαμε | διαρρεόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | — |
2 pl | διαρρέατε | διαρρεύσατε | διαρρεόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | — |
3 pl | διέρρεαν, [διαρρέαν(ε)] | διέρρευσαν, [διαρρεύσαν(ε)] | διαρρέονταν, [διαρρεόντουσαν] | — |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
1 sg | θα διαρρέω ➤ | θα διαρρεύσω ➤ | θα διαρρέομαι ➤ | — ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα διαρρέεις, … | θα διαρρεύσεις, … | θα διαρρέεσαι, … | — |
Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | [διάρρεε] | διάρρευσε | — | διαρρεύσου |
2 pl | διαρρέετε | διαρρεύστε | διαρρέεστε | — |
Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
Present participle➤ | διαρρέοντας ➤ | — | ||
Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας διαρρεύσει ➤ | — | ||
Nonfinite form➤ | διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Also as impersonal verb. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms
[edit]- διάρρευση f (diárrefsi, “a leak”) (of classified information)
- διαρροή f (diarroḯ, “leak, loss”)
- διάρροια f (diárroia, “diarrhoea”)
- διαρροϊκός (diarroïkós, “suffering from diarrhoea”)
- λογοδιάρροια f (logodiárroia, “flux of words, garrulousness”)
References
[edit]- ^ διαρρέω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
- ^ διαρρέω - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.
Categories:
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- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew-
- Ancient Greek terms prefixed with δια-
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
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- Ancient Greek lemmas
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- Greek verb conjugation group 'πνέω'