γίνομαι
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡǐː.no.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈɡi.no.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈʝi.no.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈʝi.no.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈʝi.no.me/
Verb
[edit]γῑ́νομαι • (gī́nomai)
Conjugation
[edit] Present: γῑ́νομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | γῑ́νομαι | γῑ́νῃ, γῑ́νει |
γῑ́νεται | γῑ́νεσθον | γῑ́νεσθον | γῑνόμεθᾰ | γῑ́νεσθε | γῑ́νονται | ||||
subjunctive | γῑ́νωμαι | γῑ́νῃ | γῑ́νηται | γῑ́νησθον | γῑ́νησθον | γῑνώμεθᾰ | γῑ́νησθε | γῑ́νωνται | |||||
optative | γῑνοίμην | γῑ́νοιο | γῑ́νοιτο | γῑ́νοισθον | γῑνοίσθην | γῑνοίμεθᾰ | γῑ́νοισθε | γῑ́νοιντο | |||||
imperative | γῑ́νου | γῑνέσθω | γῑ́νεσθον | γῑνέσθων | γῑ́νεσθε | γῑνέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | γῑ́νεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | γῑνόμενος | |||||||||||
f | γῑνομένη | ||||||||||||
n | γῑνόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἐγῑνόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐγῑνόμην | ἐγῑ́νου | ἐγῑ́νετο | ἐγῑ́νεσθον | ἐγῑνέσθην | ἐγῑνόμεθᾰ | ἐγῑ́νεσθε | ἐγῑ́νοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
See γίγνομαι (gígnomai) for other tenses.
References
[edit]- “γίνομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- γίνομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- γίνομαι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “γίνομαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G1096 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- γένομαι (génomai) (vernacular)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Hellenistic Koine Greek γίνομαι (gínomai), from Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]γίνομαι • (gínomai) deponent (past έγινα/γίνηκα, ppp γινωμένος)
- (most senses) to become
- to become, turn into
- Η κοπέλα ντράπηκε και έγινε κόκκινη.
- I kopéla ntrápike kai égine kókkini.
- The young girl was embarrassed and turned red.
- Πότε έγινε ξενοδοχείο αυτό το σπίτι;
- Póte égine xenodocheío aftó to spíti?
- When did this house become a hotel?
- to become, be created, come into being, come into existence
- Η Ελλάδα έγινε ανεξάρτητη το 1832.
- I Elláda égine anexártiti to 1832.
- Greece became independent in 1832.
- Πότε ακριβώς έγινε ο κόσμος;
- Póte akrivós égine o kósmos?
- When exactly was the world created?
- to become, turn into
- (most senses) to happen
- (only in third person singular form) to happen, occur, take place, go on
- Είδες τι γινόταν εκεί;
- Eídes ti ginótan ekeí?
- Did you see what was happening there?
- Τι έγινε, γιατί γυρίσατε περπατώντας;
- Ti égine, giatí gyrísate perpatóntas?
- What happened, why did you come back walking?
- (only in third person singular form) to become of, happen with, get to
- Τι έγινε με τον αδερφό σου, ζει ακόμα στην Αγγλία;
- Ti égine me ton aderfó sou, zei akóma stin Anglía?
- What became of your brother, is he still living in England?
- Τι γίνεται με την παραγγελία μου, γιατί καθυστερεί τόσο;
- Ti gínetai me tin parangelía mou, giatí kathystereí tóso?
- What's going on with my order, why is it so late?
- Τι έγινες; Σε ψάχνουμε παντού!
- Ti égines; Se psáchnoume pantoú!
- Where did you get to? We're looking everywhere for you!
- (only in third person singular form) to happen, occur, take place, go on
- Plant and fruit senses.
- (of plants and fruit) to grow
- Τα λεμόνια δεν γίνονται στη βόρεια Ευρώπη.
- Ta lemónia den gínontai sti vóreia Evrópi.
- Lemons don't grow in northern Europe.
- (of plants and fruit or food in general) to ripen, be fully ripe, be ready
- Έγιναν ακόμα αυτά τα λεμόνια;
- Éginan akóma aftá ta lemónia?
- Are those lemons ripe yet?
- Κύριε, ελάτε, έγινε το φαγητό σας.
- Kýrie, eláte, égine to fagitó sas.
- Come here, sir, your food is ready.
- (of plants and fruit) to grow
- (only in third person singular form, with να) to be (possible), can, may
- Γίνεται να έχει κανείς καλή δουλειά χωρίς απολυτήριο;
- Gínetai na échei kaneís kalí douleiá chorís apolytírio?
- Is it possible for one to have a good job without a certificate?
- Σίγουρα δεν γίνεται να είναι αυτός, έφυγε χθες!
- Sígoura den gínetai na eínai aftós, éfyge chthes!
- Surely it can't be him, he left yesterday!
Conjugation
[edit]γίνομαι (deponent: passive forms only – irregular)
Passive voice ➤ | ||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ |
1 sg | γίνομαι | γίνω, [γινώ], [γενώ] |
2 sg | γίνεσαι | γίνεις, [γινείς], [γενείς] |
3 sg | γίνεται | γίνει, [γινεί], [γενεί] |
1 pl | γινόμαστε | γίνουμε, [γινούμε], [γενούμε] |
2 pl | γίνεστε, γινόσαστε | γίνετε, [γινείτε], [γενείτε] |
3 pl | γίνονται | γίνουν(ε), [γινούν(ε)], [γενούν(ε)] |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ |
1 sg | γινόμουν(α) | έγινα, γίνηκα |
2 sg | γινόσουν(α) | έγινες, γίνηκες |
3 sg | γινόταν(ε) | έγινε, γίνηκε |
1 pl | γινόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | γίναμε, γινήκαμε |
2 pl | γινόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | γίνατε, γινήκατε |
3 pl | γίνονταν, (γινόντουσαν) | έγιναν, γίναν(ε), γίνηκαν, γινήκαν(ε) |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ |
1 sg | θα γίνομαι ➤ | θα γίνω / [γινώ] / [γενώ] ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα γίνεσαι, … | θα γίνεις / [γινείς] / [γενείς], … |
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … γίνει / [γινεί] / [γενεί] είμαι, είσαι, … γινωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | |
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … γίνει / [γινεί] / [γενεί] ήμουν, ήσουν, … γινωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | |
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … γίνει / [γινεί] / [γενεί] θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … γινωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | |
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | — | γίνε |
2 pl | γίνεστε | γίνετε, [γινείτε], [γενείτε] |
Other forms | Passive voice | |
Present participle ➤ | — | |
Perfect participle ➤ | γινωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | |
Nonfinite form ➤ | γίνει / [γινεί] / [γενεί] | |
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• The second forms of dependent and past tense are colloquial or vernacular or dialectal. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |
Synonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- γενέσθαι (genésthai)
- γίγνεσθαι (gígnesthai)
- γινόμενο n (ginómeno)
- γινωμένος (ginoménos, “ripe”, participle)
- Compounds:
- απογίνομαι (apogínomai, “to finally become, become worse”)
- καταγίνομαι (katagínomai, “to occupy oneself with”)
- ξαναγίνομαι (xanagínomai, “to become again”)
- ξεγίνομαι (xegínomai, “to become undone”)
- παραγίνομαι (paragínomai, “to become too much”)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ionic Greek
- Koine Greek
- Greek terms inherited from Koine Greek
- Greek terms derived from Koine Greek
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek deponent verbs
- Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek verb conjugation group 'γίνομαι'
- Greek irregular verbs