ściana
Appearance
See also: ścianą
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stěnà. First attested in 1398.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ściana f (related adjective ścienny)
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) wall (each of the substantial structures acting either as the exterior of or divisions within a structure)
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[1], Krakow, page gl. 70b:
- Moua vasa a dary vase sø my gako proch, grosa gako *ogzen na scene napysani
- [Mowa wasza a dary wasze są mi jako proch, groza jako ogień na ścienie napisany]
- 1442, Wokabularz Raczyńskich, Biblioteki Raczyńskich w Poznaniu, sygn. 1360/I, page 158v:
- Paries patet vlg. szcząną
- [Paries patet vlg. ściana]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) wall (rampart of earth, stones etc.)
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][2], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 61,3:
- Bo dokød poruszacze se na czloweka, ... iaco zczene naclononey (tamquam parieti inclinato)
- [Bo dokąd poruszacie sie na człowieka, ... jako ścienie nakłonionej (tamquam parieti inclinato)]
- (figuratively, attested in Greater Poland) wall (that which separates)
- (attested in Greater Poland) wall (divider of two estates)
- 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 100:
- Zaloby o mvrowaney sczyenye
- [Żałoby o murowanej ścienie]
- side (left or right part of something)
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[6], 37, 26:
- Przykril gy (sc. ołtarz) zlotem przeczystym s bronkøø y szczyanamy (cum... parietibus), y rogy
- [Przykrył ji (sc. ołtarz) złotem przeczystym z bronką i ścianami (cum... parietibus), i rogi]
- (mining) wall (place in a mine where a mineral is extracted from a deposit)
- 1937 [1443], Feliks Pohorecki, editor, Catalogus diplomatum Bibliothecae Instituti Ossoliniani nec non Bibliothecae Pawlikowianae inde ab anno 1227 usque ad annum 1505[7], page 77:
- Nicolaus cum Johanne zuppas salis al. *czyany tenere debebunt
- [Nicolaus cum Johanne żupas salis al. [ś]ciany tenere debebunt]
- (attested in Greater Poland) wall (boundary, border)
- 1888 [1402], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV[8], Greater Poland, page 101:
- Eze... Jan... szilø moczø deptal Jacuszowi zito, gdze s nim sczani ne mal
- [Eże... Jan... siłą mocą deptał Jakuszowi żyto, gdzie z nim ściany nie miał]
Derived terms
[edit]adverbs
nouns
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “ściana”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “ściana”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ściana”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “ściana”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Polish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish ściana. Sense 9 is a semantic loan from English wall.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ściana f (diminutive ścianka, related adjective ścianowy or ścienny)
- wall (each of the substantial structures acting either as the exterior of or divisions within a structure)
- wall (vertical field acting as a boundary of some object)
- wall; face (very steep, almost vertical mountain slope)
- (geometry) wall; face (any of the flat bounding surfaces of a polyhedron)
- (anatomy, botany, zoology) wall (divisive or containing structure in an organ or cavity)
- (mining) wall (exposed surface of the mineral deposit where it is being mined)
- (literary) wall (large, compact mass of something that looks like a vertical plane and makes passage difficult)
- (literary) wall (that which isolates and separates people socially)
- Synonym: mur
- (Internet) wall (personal notice board listing messages of interest to a particular user)
- (obsolete) border (division between nations)
- Synonym: granica
- (Middle Polish) side (left or right part of something; particular face of something)
Declension
[edit]Declension of ściana
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
adverbs
interjections
nouns
proverbs
verbs
Related terms
[edit]adjectives
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ściana is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 26 times in scientific texts, 8 times in news, 4 times in essays, 40 times in fiction, and 18 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 96 times, making it the 660th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- ściana in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ściana in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ściana”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “ŚCIANA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 27.09.2018
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ściana”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ściana”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “ściana”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 708
Silesian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish ściana.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ściana f
Declension
[edit]Declension of ściana
Further reading
[edit]Categories:
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish feminine nouns
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- zlw-opl:Mining
- zlw-opl:Walls and fences
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish semantic loans from English
- Polish terms derived from English
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ana
- Rhymes:Polish/ana/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Geometry
- pl:Anatomy
- pl:Botany
- pl:Zoology
- pl:Mining
- Polish literary terms
- pl:Internet
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Middle Polish
- pl:Walls and fences
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ana
- Rhymes:Silesian/ana/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns
- szl:Walls and fences