áigthiu

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• áigsiu

Etymology

From the root of ad·ágathar (Proto-Celtic *āgetor, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂ógʰe (“to be upset, afraid”), from *h₂egʰ-) + -thiu (from Proto-Celtic *-tiyū, *-tion- from Proto-Indo-European *-ti-Hō; cognate with Latin -tiō).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaːɣʲθʲu/

Noun

áigthiu f

1. verbal noun of ad·ágathar (“to fear”)
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 6^a13

     is deidbir ha áigthiu ar is do thabirt díglae berid in claideb sin

     it is reasonable to fear him, for it is to inflict punishment that he bears that sword

Inflection

Feminine n-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	áigthiu	—	—
Vocative	áigthiu	—	—
Accusative	aichthinN	—	—
Genitive	aichthen	—	—
Dative	aichthinL, áigthiuL	—	—
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Mutation of áigthiu

radical	lenition	nasalization
áigthiu (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-áigthiu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “áigthiu”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language