tingima
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Low German dingen.
Verb
[edit]tingima (da-infinitive tingida)
- to haggle, to bargain
- Ma tingisin hinna viie soti pealt kolmesaja peale.
- I haggled the price from five hundred down to three hundred.
- to cause
- Millest on tingitud sinu hädad?
- What causes your problems?
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of tingima (ÕS type 28/õppima, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | tingin | ei tingi | 1st sing. | olen tinginud | ei ole tinginud pole tinginud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | tingid | 2nd sing. | oled tinginud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | tingib | 3rd sing. | on tinginud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | tingime | 1st plur. | oleme tinginud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | tingite | 2nd plur. | olete tinginud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | tingivad | 3rd plur. | on tinginud | ||||||
| impersonal | tingitakse | ei tingita | impersonal | on tingitud | ei ole tingitud pole tingitud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | tingisin | ei tinginud | 1st sing. | olin tinginud | ei olnud tinginud polnud tinginud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | tingisid | 2nd sing. | olid tinginud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | tingis | 3rd sing. | oli tinginud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | tingisime | 1st plur. | olime tinginud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | tingisite | 2nd plur. | olite tinginud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | tingisid | 3rd plur. | oli tinginud | ||||||
| impersonal | tingiti | ei tingitud | impersonal | oli tingitud | ei olnud tingitud polnud tingitud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | tingiksin | ei tingiks | 1st sing. | tinginuksin oleksin tinginud |
ei tinginuks ei oleks tinginud poleks tinginud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | tingiksid | 2nd sing. | tinginuksid oleksid tinginud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | tingiks | 3rd sing. | tinginuks oleks tinginud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | tingiksime | 1st plur. | tinginuksime oleksime tinginud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | tingiksite | 2nd plur. | tinginuksite oleksite tinginud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | tingiksid | 3rd plur. | tinginuksid oleksid tinginud | ||||||
| impersonal | tingitaks | ei tingitaks | impersonal | oleks tingitud | ei oleks tingitud poleks tingitud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | tingi | ära tingi | 2nd sing. | ole tinginud | ära ole tinginud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | tingigu | ärgu tingigu | 3rd sing. | olgu tinginud | ärgu olgu tinginud | ||||
| 1st plur. | tingigem | ärme tingime ärme tingi ärgem tingigem |
1st plur. | olgem tinginud | ärme oleme tinginud ärme ole tinginud ärgem olgem tinginud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | tingige | ärge tingige | 2nd plur. | olge tinginud | ärge olge tinginud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | tingigu | ärgu tingigu | 3rd plur. | olgu tinginud | ärgu olgu tinginud | ||||
| impersonal | tingitagu | ärgu tingitagu | impersonal | olgu tingitud | ärgu olgu tingitud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | tingivat | ei tingivat | active | olevat tinginud | ei olevat tinginud polevat tinginud | ||||
| passive | tingitavat | ei tingitavat | passive | olevat tingitud | ei olevat tingitud polevat tingitud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | tingima | tingitama | nominative | tingida | olla tinginud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | tingides | olles tinginud | |||||
| inessive | tingimas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | tingimast | present | tingiv | tingitav | |||||
| translative | tingimaks | past | tinginud | tingitud | |||||
| abessive | tingimata | negative | tingimatu | — | |||||