tempestas

See also: Tempestas

Interlingua

Noun

tempestas

1. plural of tempesta

Latin

Alternative forms

• tempestūs

Etymology

From tempus (“time”) +‎ -tās.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /temˈpes.taːs/, [t̪ɛmˈpɛs̠t̪äːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /temˈpes.tas/, [t̪emˈpɛst̪äs]

Noun

tempestās f (genitive tempestātis); third declension

1. portion, point, or space of time; time, season, period
2. (as time's physical qualities) weather (good or bad)
3. (esp. bad weather) storm, tempest, gale

   Synonyms: turbō, procella

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.52–54:

     [...] Hic vastō rēx Aeolus antrō
     luctantēs ventōs tempestātēsque sonōrās
     imperiō premit ac vinclīs et carcere frēnat.

     Here in a vast cave, King Aeolus –
     struggling stormwinds! and resounding tempests! –
     by [his] command represses, both with chains and a prison [he] restrains.
     (Through evocative word-sounds the poet repeats the consonants “s” and “t” to portray fantastical noises caused by trapped stormwinds. See literary consonance; Aeolus (son of Hippotes).)

4. (figuratively) commotion, disturbance; calamity, misfortune

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	tempestās	tempestātēs
genitive	tempestātis	tempestātum
dative	tempestātī	tempestātibus
accusative	tempestātem	tempestātēs
ablative	tempestāte	tempestātibus
vocative	tempestās	tempestātēs

Synonyms

• (season): hōra
• (winter): hiems
• (storm, tempest): hiems, procella, tumultus, intemperiēs

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “storm, tempest”): tranquillum

Derived terms

• tempestīvus
• tempestuōsus
• Tempestātes (“the weather-goddess”)

Descendants

Descendants

• Catalan: tempesta, tempestat
• Dutch: tempeest
• Old French: tempeste
  • French: tempête
  • → Middle English: tempest
    • English: tempest
    • → Middle Irish: tubaiste
      • Irish: tubaiste
      • Scottish Gaelic: tubaist
• Friulian: tampieste
• Galician: tempestade
• Irish: timpiste
• Istriot: tenpesta
• Italian: tempesta
• Occitan: tempèsta
• Portuguese: tempestade
• → Romanian: tempestate
• Romansch: tempesta, tempiasta, tampeasta, tampesta
• Sicilian: timpesta
• Spanish: tempestad
• Venetan: tenpesta, tompesta

References

• “tempestas”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tempestas”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tempestas in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tempestas in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a storm is rising: tempestas cooritur
    
  • to meet with good weather: tempestatem idoneam, bonam nancisci
    
  • a storm accompanied by heavy claps of thunder: tempestas cum magno fragore (caeli) tonitribusque (Liv. 1. 16)
    
  • the ships sail out on a fair wind: ventum (tempestatem) nancti idoneum ex portu exeunt
    
  • to be driven out of one's course; to drift: tempestate abripi
    
  • the storm drives some one on an unknown coast: procella (tempestas) aliquem ex alto ad ignotas terras (oras) defert
    
• tempestas in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016