tapma
Appearance
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *tappadak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]tapma (da-infinitive tappa)
- (transitive) to kill (take someone's life)
- Synonym: surmama
- Kass tappis hiire. ― The cat killed the mouse.
- (transitive, card games, colloquial) to flip over the stronger card in the hand
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of tapma (ÕS type 35/petma, no gradation)
indicative | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present | perfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | tapan | ei tapa | 1st sing. | olen tapnud | ei ole tapnud pole tapnud | ||||
2nd sing. | tapad | 2nd sing. | oled tapnud | ||||||
3rd sing. | tapab | 3rd sing. | on tapnud | ||||||
1st plur. | tapame | 1st plur. | oleme tapnud | ||||||
2nd plur. | tapate | 2nd plur. | olete tapnud | ||||||
3rd plur. | tapavad | 3rd plur. | on tapnud | ||||||
impersonal | tapetakse | ei tapeta | impersonal | on tapetud | ei ole tapetud pole tapetud | ||||
past | pluperfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | tapsin | ei tapnud | 1st sing. | olin tapnud | ei olnud tapnud polnud tapnud | ||||
2nd sing. | tapsid | 2nd sing. | olid tapnud | ||||||
3rd sing. | tappis | 3rd sing. | oli tapnud | ||||||
1st plur. | tapsime | 1st plur. | olime tapnud | ||||||
2nd plur. | tapsite | 2nd plur. | olite tapnud | ||||||
3rd plur. | tapsid | 3rd plur. | oli tapnud | ||||||
impersonal | tapeti | ei tapetud | impersonal | oli tapetud | ei olnud tapetud polnud tapetud | ||||
conditional | |||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | tapaksin | ei tapaks | 1st sing. | tapnuksin oleksin tapnud |
ei tapnuks ei oleks tapnud poleks tapnud | ||||
2nd sing. | tapaksid | 2nd sing. | tapnuksid oleksid tapnud | ||||||
3rd sing. | tapaks | 3rd sing. | tapnuks oleks tapnud | ||||||
1st plur. | tapaksime | 1st plur. | tapnuksime oleksime tapnud | ||||||
2nd plur. | tapaksite | 2nd plur. | tapnuksite oleksite tapnud | ||||||
3rd plur. | tapaksid | 3rd plur. | tapnuksid oleksid tapnud | ||||||
impersonal | tapetaks | ei tapetaks | impersonal | oleks tapetud | ei oleks tapetud poleks tapetud | ||||
imperative | |||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
2nd sing. | tapa | ära tapa | 2nd sing. | ole tapnud | ära ole tapnud | ||||
3rd sing. | tapku | ärgu tapku | 3rd sing. | olgu tapnud | ärgu olgu tapnud | ||||
1st plur. | tapkem | ärme tapame ärme tapa ärgem tapkem |
1st plur. | olgem tapnud | ärme oleme tapnud ärme ole tapnud ärgem olgem tapnud | ||||
2nd plur. | tapke | ärge tapke | 2nd plur. | olge tapnud | ärge olge tapnud | ||||
3rd plur. | tapku | ärgu tapku | 3rd plur. | olgu tapnud | ärgu olgu tapnud | ||||
impersonal | tapetagu | ärgu tapetagu | impersonal | olgu tapetud | ärgu olgu tapetud | ||||
quotative | |||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||
voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
active | tapvat | ei tapvat | active | olevat tapnud | ei olevat tapnud polevat tapnud | ||||
passive | tapetavat | ei tapetavat | passive | olevat tapetud | ei olevat tapetud polevat tapetud | ||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||
ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
nominative | tapma | tapetama | nominative | tappa | olla tapnud | ||||
illative | — | inessive | tappes | olles tapnud | |||||
inessive | tapmas | participle | active | passive | |||||
elative | tapmast | present | tappev | tapetav | |||||
translative | tapmaks | past | tapnud | tapetud | |||||
abessive | tapmata | negative | tapmatu | — |
References
[edit]- tapma in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “tapma”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
Turkish
[edit]Noun
[edit]tapma (definite accusative tapmayı, plural tapmalar)
Declension
[edit]Verb
[edit]tapma
Further reading
[edit]- “tapma”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
Categories:
- Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Estonian/ɑpmɑ
- Rhymes:Estonian/ɑpmɑ/2 syllables
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian verbs
- Estonian transitive verbs
- Estonian terms with usage examples
- et:Card games
- Estonian colloquialisms
- Estonian petma-type verbs
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish verbal nouns
- Turkish non-lemma forms
- Turkish verb forms