straujš

Latvian

With an epenthetic t, from Proto-Baltic *sraujas, an old yo-stem adjective, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow”), from *ser- (“to flow, to move quickly”) (from a form *er-, *r̥- (“to twist, to become twisted, agitated”)) with an extra -w, similarly to another stem derived from the same form, *rew-, *row- (“to run, to rush; to split, to pluck, to dig”).) The semantic evolution was probably “flowing” > “moving rapidly” > “quick, fast.” Cognates include Lithuanian sraũjas, sraunùs (“rapidly flowing”) (dialectal straũjas), sraujà (“current, torrent”), Old Church Slavonic струꙗ (struja), Russian струя́ (strujá), Bulgarian стру́я (strúja, “squirt”).^[1]

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straujš (definite straujais, comparative straujāks, superlative visstraujākais, adverb strauji)

fast, quick, rapid (streaming, flowing rapidly)
strauja upe ― fast, rapid river

straujš strauts, ūdens ― fast stream, water

strauja straume ― rapid current
fast, quick (capable of fast movement)
straujš zirgs ― fast horse
fast, quick, rapid (which happens fast; having high speed)
straujas kustības ― rapid movements

straujš brauciens ― fast trip

straujš usbrukums ― fast attack

strauja attistība ― quick development

strauja rotācija ― fast rotation

straujš ritms ― fast rhythm, tempo

strauja uguns, liesma ― quick fire, flame

braukt straujiem rikšiem ― to ride at high speed (lit. with quick trot)
quick to become angry, short-tempered, temperamental
straujš raksturs, strauja daba ― a short-tempered (lit. quick) character, nature

Jānis Pekarskis bija nervozs, straujas dabas ― Jānis Pekarskis was nervous, of temperamental nature

indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of straujš

	masculine (vīriešu dzimte)		feminine (sieviešu dzimte)
	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	straujš	strauji	strauja	straujas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	strauju	straujus	strauju	straujas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	strauja	strauju	straujas	strauju
dative (datīvs)	straujam	straujiem	straujai	straujām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	strauju	straujiem	strauju	straujām
locative (lokatīvs)	straujā	straujos	straujā	straujās
vocative (vokatīvs)	—	—	—	—

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “straujš”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN