sopotella
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Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From sopottaa (“to whisper”) + -ella.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsopotelːɑ/, [ˈs̠o̞po̞te̞ɫː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsopotelːɑ/, [ˈʃo̞b̥o̞ˌd̥e̞ɫːɑ]
- Rhymes: -opotelː, -elːɑ
- Hyphenation: so‧po‧tel‧la
Verb
[edit]sopotella
- (transitive, usually atelic) to whisper
- (intransitive) to whisper around
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of sopotella (type 12/kuulla, tt-t gradation, gemination) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | sopottelen | en sopottele | 1st singular | oon sopotelt, oon sopotellut | en oo sopotelt, en oo sopotellut |
2nd singular | sopottelet | et sopottele | 2nd singular | oot sopotelt, oot sopotellut | et oo sopotelt, et oo sopotellut |
3rd singular | sopottelloo | ei sopottele | 3rd singular | ono sopotelt, ono sopotellut | ei oo sopotelt, ei oo sopotellut |
1st plural | sopottelemma | emmä sopottele | 1st plural | oomma sopotelleet | emmä oo sopotelleet |
2nd plural | sopotteletta | että sopottele | 2nd plural | ootta sopotelleet | että oo sopotelleet |
3rd plural | sopottelloot1), sopottelevat2), sopotellaa | evät sopottele, ei sopotella | 3rd plural | ovat sopotelleet | evät oo sopotelleet, ei oo sopoteltu |
impersonal | sopotellaa | ei sopotella | impersonal | ono sopoteltu | ei oo sopoteltu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | sopottelin | en sopotelt, en sopotellut | 1st singular | olin sopotelt, olin sopotellut | en olt sopotelt, en olt sopotellut |
2nd singular | sopottelit | et sopotelt, et sopotellut | 2nd singular | olit sopotelt, olit sopotellut | et olt sopotelt, et olt sopotellut |
3rd singular | sopotteli | ei sopotelt, ei sopotellut | 3rd singular | oli sopotelt, oli sopotellut | ei olt sopotelt, ei olt sopotellut |
1st plural | sopottelimma | emmä sopotelleet | 1st plural | olimma sopotelleet | emmä olleet sopotelleet |
2nd plural | sopottelitta | että sopotelleet | 2nd plural | olitta sopotelleet | että olleet sopotelleet |
3rd plural | sopottelliit1), sopottelivat2), sopoteltii | evät sopotelleet, ei sopoteltu | 3rd plural | olivat sopotelleet | evät olleet sopotelleet, ei olt sopoteltu |
impersonal | sopoteltii | ei sopoteltu | impersonal | oli sopoteltu | ei olt sopoteltu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | sopottelisin | en sopottelis | 1st singular | olisin sopotelt, olisin sopotellut | en olis sopotelt, en olis sopotellut |
2nd singular | sopottelisit, sopottelliist1) | et sopottelis | 2nd singular | olisit sopotelt, olisit sopotellut | et olis sopotelt, et olis sopotellut |
3rd singular | sopottelis | ei sopottelis | 3rd singular | olis sopotelt, olis sopotellut | ei olis sopotelt, ei olis sopotellut |
1st plural | sopottelisimma | emmä sopottelis | 1st plural | olisimma sopotelleet | emmä olis sopotelleet |
2nd plural | sopottelisitta | että sopottelis | 2nd plural | olisitta sopotelleet | että olis sopotelleet |
3rd plural | sopottelisiit1), sopottelisivat2), sopoteltais | evät sopottelis, ei sopoteltais | 3rd plural | olisivat sopotelleet | evät olis sopotelleet, ei olis sopoteltu |
impersonal | sopoteltais | ei sopoteltais | impersonal | olis sopoteltu | ei olis sopoteltu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | sopottele | elä sopottele | 2nd singular | oo sopotelt, oo sopotellut | elä oo sopotelt, elä oo sopotellut |
3rd singular | sopotelkoo | elköö sopotelko | 3rd singular | olkoo sopotelt, olkoo sopotellut | elköö olko sopotelt, elköö olko sopotellut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | sopotelkaa | elkää sopotelko | 2nd plural | olkaa sopotelleet | elkää olko sopotelleet |
3rd plural | sopotelkoot | elkööt sopotelko, elköö sopoteltako | 3rd plural | olkoot sopotelleet | elkööt olko sopotelleet, elköö olko sopoteltu |
impersonal | sopoteltakoo | elköö sopoteltako | impersonal | olkoo sopoteltu | elköö olko sopoteltu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | sopotellen | en sopotelle | |||
2nd singular | sopotellet | et sopotelle | |||
3rd singular | sopotelloo | ei sopotelle | |||
1st plural | sopotellemma | emmä sopotelle | |||
2nd plural | sopotelletta | että sopotelle | |||
3rd plural | sopotelloot | evät sopotelle, ei sopoteltane | |||
impersonal | sopoteltanoo | ei sopoteltane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | sopotella | present | sopotteleva | sopoteltava | |
2nd | inessive | sopotellees | past | sopotelt, sopotellut | sopoteltu |
instructive | sopotellen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (sopotelkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | sopottelomaa | |||
inessive | sopottelomaas | ||||
elative | sopottelomast | ||||
abessive | sopottelomata | ||||
4th | nominative | sopottelomiin | |||
partitive | sopottelomista, sopottelomist |
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 535