soleo

See also: soleó

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soˈleo/
• Hyphenation: so‧le‧o

Noun

soleo (accusative singular soleon, plural soleoj, accusative plural soleojn)

1. sole (flatfish)

Ido

Noun

soleo (plural solei)

1. sole (flatfish)

Latin

Etymology

PIE word
*swé

Uncertain.

• Based on semantic similarity to suēscō (“to become used to”) and sodālis (“close companion”), Walde-Hoffmann (1954) and Pokorny (1959) opt for *sodeō, from Proto-Italic *sweðēō, from earlier *sweðējō, from Proto-Indo-European *swé-dʰh₁-eh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁- expanded through the reflexive pronoun Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”), thus the original sense to "set as one's own", as in the later formed suificō.
• De Vaan (2008) rejects this etymology on the grounds that a following front vowel ē should have blocked the *swe- > so- shift. Instead he derives it from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“place, habitation”), via the iterative *sol-eye- "to occupy habitually, inhabit" or directly from Latin solum (“base, ground; country”) - cf. the similar semantic relationship between habitō and habitus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈso.le.oː/, [ˈs̠ɔɫ̪eoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈso.le.o/, [ˈsɔːleo]

Verb

soleō (present infinitive solēre, perfect active soluī or solitus sum, supine solitum); second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent, no future, no imperative

1. to be accustomed, used to, in the habit of

   Synonyms: assoleō, adsuēscō, assuēfaciō, cōnsuēscō, cōnsuēfaciō

Conjugation

• Unlike most semi-deponent verbs, soleō has no future tense.

   Conjugation of soleō (second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent, no future, no imperative)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	soleō		solēs		solet		solēmus		solētis		solent
	imperfect	solēbam		solēbās		solēbat		solēbāmus		solēbātis		solēbant
	perfect	soluī, solitus sum		soluistī, solitus es		soluit, solitus est		soluimus, solitī sumus		soluistis, solitī estis		soluēre, soluērunt, solitī sunt
	pluperfect	solueram, solitus eram		soluerās, solitus erās		soluerat, solitus erat		soluerāmus, solitī erāmus		soluerātis, solitī erātis		soluerant, solitī erant
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	soleam		soleās		soleat		soleāmus		soleātis		soleant
	imperfect	solērem		solērēs		solēret		solērēmus		solērētis		solērent
	perfect	soluerim, solitus sim		soluerīs, solitus sīs		soluerit, solitus sit		soluerīmus, solitī sīmus		soluerītis, solitī sītis		soluerint, solitī sint
	pluperfect	soluissem, solitus essem		soluissēs, solitus essēs		soluisset, solitus esset		soluissēmus, solitī essēmus		soluissētis, solitī essētis		soluissent, solitī essent
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		solēre			—			solēns			—
perfect		soluisse, solitum esse			—			solitus			—
perfect potential		solitūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		solendī		solendō		solendum		solendō		solitum		solitū

Derived terms

• assoleō
• solitāneus
• solitō
• solitum
• īnsolitus
• īnsolēns

Descendants

• Asturian: soler
• Catalan: soler
• Franco-Provençal: solêr
• Italian: solere
• Norman: souleî
• Occitan: sòler
• Old French: soloir
  • Middle French: souloir
    • French: souloir (obsolete)
• Old Galician-Portuguese: soer
  • Galician: soer
  • Portuguese: soer
• Spanish: soler

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “soleō, solum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 571-2
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
• Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938–1954) “soleo”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter

Further reading

• “soleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “soleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• soleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the usual subjects taught to boys: doctrinae, quibus aetas puerilis impertiri solet (Nep. Att. 1. 2)
    
  • the usual subjects taught to boys: artes, quibus aetas puerilis ad humanitatem informari solet
    
  • as usually happens: ut solet, ut fieri solet
    

Spanish

Verb

soleo

1. first-person singular present indicative of solear