sakna

Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: sak‧na

Verb

sakna

1. to broach; to begin discussion about something
2. to challenge

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse sakna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsahkna/
  • Rhymes: -ahkna

Verb

sakna (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative saknaði, supine saknað)

1. to miss, to long for [with genitive]
2. to miss, to lack, to be without [with genitive]

Conjugation

sakna — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að sakna
supine (sagnbót)		saknað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		saknandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég sakna	við söknum	present (nútíð)	ég sakni	við söknum
	þú saknar	þið saknið		þú saknir	þið saknið
	hann, hún, það saknar	þeir, þær, þau sakna		hann, hún, það sakni	þeir, þær, þau sakni
past (þátíð)	ég saknaði	við söknuðum	past (þátíð)	ég saknaði	við söknuðum
	þú saknaðir	þið söknuðuð		þú saknaðir	þið söknuðuð
	hann, hún, það saknaði	þeir, þær, þau söknuðu		hann, hún, það saknaði	þeir, þær, þau söknuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	sakna (þú)	saknið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	saknaðu	sakniði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sakna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²sakna/

Verb

sakna (present tense saknar, past tense sakna, past participle sakna, passive infinitive saknast, present participle saknande, imperative sakna/sakn)

1. to miss, lack

   Denne soga saknar like.

   This story lacks a parallel.

2. to be missing

   Tre turistar er sakna i fjellet.

   Three tourists have gone missing in the mountains.

3. to miss, have a longing for something

   Eg saknar familien min.

   I miss my family.

References

• “sakna” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From saka (“to blame, scathe”). Compare Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽 (sakan, “to dispute, quarrel”).

Verb

sakna (singular past indicative saknaða, plural past indicative sǫknuðu, past participle saknaðr)

1. to miss, feel the loss of [with genitive]

   þá saknar hann hringsins

   Then he misses his ring

Conjugation

Conjugation of sakna — active (weak class 2)

infinitive	sakna
present participle	saknandi
past participle	saknaðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	sakna	saknaða
2nd-person singular	saknar	saknaðir
3rd-person singular	saknar	saknaði
1st-person plural	sǫknum	sǫknuðum
2nd-person plural	saknið	sǫknuðuð
3rd-person plural	sakna	sǫknuðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	sakna	saknaða
2nd-person singular	saknir	saknaðir
3rd-person singular	sakni	saknaði
1st-person plural	saknim	saknaðim
2nd-person plural	saknið	saknaðið
3rd-person plural	sakni	saknaði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	sakna
1st-person plural	sǫknum
2nd-person plural	saknið

Conjugation of sakna — mediopassive (weak class 2)

infinitive	saknask
present participle	saknandisk
past participle	saknazk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	sǫknumk	sǫknuðumk
2nd-person singular	saknask	saknaðisk
3rd-person singular	saknask	saknaðisk
1st-person plural	sǫknumsk	sǫknuðumsk
2nd-person plural	saknizk	sǫknuðuzk
3rd-person plural	saknask	sǫknuðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	sǫknumk	sǫknuðumk
2nd-person singular	saknisk	saknaðisk
3rd-person singular	saknisk	saknaðisk
1st-person plural	saknimsk	saknaðimsk
2nd-person plural	saknizk	saknaðizk
3rd-person plural	saknisk	saknaðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	saknask
1st-person plural	sǫknumsk
2nd-person plural	saknizk

Derived terms

• saknaðr
• sakni
• sǫknuðr

Descendants

• Icelandic: sakna
• Faroese: sakna
• Norwegian Nynorsk: sakna
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: sakne
• Old Swedish: sakna
  • Swedish: sakna
• Old Danish: saghnæ, saknæ
  • Danish: savne
    • Norwegian Bokmål: savne
    • Norwegian Bokmål: savne

Further reading

• Richard Cleasby, Guðbrandur Vigfússon (1874) “sakna”, in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press, page 509
• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “sakna”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sakna.

Verb

sakna

1. (transitive, with genitive) to miss, feel the loss of

Conjugation

Conjugation of sakna (weak)

	present			past
infinitive	sakna			—
participle	saknandi, -e			saknaþer
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	saknar	sakni, -e	—	saknaþi, -e	saknaþi, -e
þū	saknar	sakni, -e	sakna	saknaþi, -e	saknaþi, -e
han	saknar	sakni, -e	—	saknaþi, -e	saknaþi, -e
vīr	saknum, -om	saknum, -om	saknum, -om	saknaþum, -om	saknaþum, -om
īr	saknin	saknin	saknin	saknaþin	saknaþin
þēr	sakna	saknin	—	saknaþu, -o	saknaþin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	—	—	—	—	—
þū	—	—	—	—	—
han	—	—	—	—	—
vīr	—	—	—	—	—
īr	—	—	—	—	—
þēr	—	—	—	—	—

Descendants

• Swedish: sakna

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish sakna, from Old Norse sakna (“miss”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑːkna/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

sakna (present saknar, preterite saknade, supine saknat, imperative sakna)

1. to miss, to lack, to want, to be without

   Jag saknar dig.

   I miss you.

   Cykeln saknar ett hjul.

   The bicycle lacks a wheel.

Conjugation

Conjugation of sakna (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	sakna		saknas
supine	saknat		saknats
imperative	sakna		—
imper. plural1	saknen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	saknar	saknade	saknas	saknades
ind. plural1	sakna	saknade	saknas	saknades
subjunctive2	sakne	saknade	saknes	saknades
present participle		saknande
past participle		saknad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Anagrams

• ankas, askan, kanas