ruska

See also: ruská, ruską, Ruska, and Ruską

Finnish

Etymology

From a Sami language, compare Northern Sami ruškat.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruskɑ/, [ˈrus̠kɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -uskɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): rus‧ka

Noun

ruska

1. autumn foliage; fall foliage (US); autumn colours (UK) (brightly colored leaves of deciduous trees and other plants that appear in the autumn)

Declension

Inflection of ruska (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		ruska	ruskat
genitive		ruskan	ruskien
partitive		ruskaa	ruskia
illative		ruskaan	ruskiin
		singular	plural
nominative		ruska	ruskat
accusative	nom.	ruska	ruskat
	gen.	ruskan
genitive		ruskan	ruskien ruskain rare
partitive		ruskaa	ruskia
inessive		ruskassa	ruskissa
elative		ruskasta	ruskista
illative		ruskaan	ruskiin
adessive		ruskalla	ruskilla
ablative		ruskalta	ruskilta
allative		ruskalle	ruskille
essive		ruskana	ruskina
translative		ruskaksi	ruskiksi
abessive		ruskatta	ruskitta
instructive		—	ruskin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of ruska (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ruskani ruskani accusative nom. ruskani ruskani gen. ruskani genitive ruskani ruskieni ruskaini rare partitive ruskaani ruskiani inessive ruskassani ruskissani elative ruskastani ruskistani illative ruskaani ruskiini adessive ruskallani ruskillani ablative ruskaltani ruskiltani allative ruskalleni ruskilleni essive ruskanani ruskinani translative ruskakseni ruskikseni abessive ruskattani ruskittani instructive — — comitative — ruskineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ruskasi ruskasi accusative nom. ruskasi ruskasi gen. ruskasi genitive ruskasi ruskiesi ruskaisi rare partitive ruskaasi ruskiasi inessive ruskassasi ruskissasi elative ruskastasi ruskistasi illative ruskaasi ruskiisi adessive ruskallasi ruskillasi ablative ruskaltasi ruskiltasi allative ruskallesi ruskillesi essive ruskanasi ruskinasi translative ruskaksesi ruskiksesi abessive ruskattasi ruskittasi instructive — — comitative — ruskinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ruskamme ruskamme accusative nom. ruskamme ruskamme gen. ruskamme genitive ruskamme ruskiemme ruskaimme rare partitive ruskaamme ruskiamme inessive ruskassamme ruskissamme elative ruskastamme ruskistamme illative ruskaamme ruskiimme adessive ruskallamme ruskillamme ablative ruskaltamme ruskiltamme allative ruskallemme ruskillemme essive ruskanamme ruskinamme translative ruskaksemme ruskiksemme abessive ruskattamme ruskittamme instructive — — comitative — ruskinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ruskanne ruskanne accusative nom. ruskanne ruskanne gen. ruskanne genitive ruskanne ruskienne ruskainne rare partitive ruskaanne ruskianne inessive ruskassanne ruskissanne elative ruskastanne ruskistanne illative ruskaanne ruskiinne adessive ruskallanne ruskillanne ablative ruskaltanne ruskiltanne allative ruskallenne ruskillenne essive ruskananne ruskinanne translative ruskaksenne ruskiksenne abessive ruskattanne ruskittanne instructive — — comitative — ruskinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative ruskansa ruskansa accusative nom. ruskansa ruskansa gen. ruskansa genitive ruskansa ruskiensa ruskainsa rare partitive ruskaansa ruskiaan ruskiansa inessive ruskassaan ruskassansa ruskissaan ruskissansa elative ruskastaan ruskastansa ruskistaan ruskistansa illative ruskaansa ruskiinsa adessive ruskallaan ruskallansa ruskillaan ruskillansa ablative ruskaltaan ruskaltansa ruskiltaan ruskiltansa allative ruskalleen ruskallensa ruskilleen ruskillensa essive ruskanaan ruskanansa ruskinaan ruskinansa translative ruskakseen ruskaksensa ruskikseen ruskiksensa abessive ruskattaan ruskattansa ruskittaan ruskittansa instructive — — comitative — ruskineen ruskinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• maaruska
• puuruska
• ruska-aika
• ruskaretki

 

Further reading

• “ruska”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• kuras, raksu

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrus.ka/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uska
• Syllabification: rus‧ka
• Homophone: Ruska

Adjective

ruska

1. feminine nominative/vocative singular of ruski

Swedish

Noun

ruska c

1. a severed branch or bundle of twigs with leaves or needles; a green bough, a green branch

   Doppa en ruska i vatten och slå på elden för att släcka den

   Dip a bough in water and strike the fire to extinguish it

Declension

Declension of ruska

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	ruska	ruskas
	definite	ruskan	ruskans
plural	indefinite	ruskor	ruskors
	definite	ruskorna	ruskornas

Derived terms

• lövruska
• pissruska

See also

• bastukvast
• björkris

Verb

ruska (present ruskar, preterite ruskade, supine ruskat, imperative ruska)

1. (often with om) to shake, to jolt (shake (someone/something) violently)
2. (impersonal) to be rainy (or snowy) and bad (of weather – compare rusk)

   Det ruskar

   The weather is bad

3. to mark (a path or the like) with ruskor

Conjugation

Conjugation of ruska (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	ruska		ruskas
Supine	ruskat		ruskats
Imperative	ruska		—
Imper. plural1	rusken		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	ruskar	ruskade	ruskas	ruskades
Ind. plural1	ruska	ruskade	ruskas	ruskades
Subjunctive2	ruske	ruskade	ruskes	ruskades
	Participles
Present participle	ruskande
Past participle	ruskad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

References

• ruska in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• ruska in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• ruska in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• ruska in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
• Svensk-engelsk ordbok - Albert Montgomery, 1914

Anagrams

• rauks

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ruskëda.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈruskɑː/, [ˈruskɑ]
• Rhymes: -uskɑː
• Hyphenation: rus‧ka

Adjective

ruska

1. red-brown, reddish or grayish brown, dark red-brown, sorrel

Inflection

Declension of ruska (type VI/valka, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	ruska	ruskad
genitive	ruska	ruskajõ, ruskai
partitive	ruskatõ	ruskaitõ, ruskai
illative	ruskasõ, ruska	ruskaisõ
inessive	ruskaz	ruskaiz
elative	ruskassõ	ruskaissõ
allative	ruskalõ	ruskailõ
adessive	ruskallõ	ruskaillõ
ablative	ruskaltõ	ruskailtõ
translative	ruskassi	ruskaissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn