potkia

See also: pötkiä

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *pockidak. Equivalent to potka (“hind leg, shank”) +‎ -ia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpotkiɑˣ/, [ˈpo̞t̪k̟iɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -otkiɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pot‧ki‧a

Verb

potkia

1. (transitive) to kick (repeatedly/continuously)
2. (transitive, figurative) to kick out, dismiss, expel, eject

Usage notes

• potkia represents an action that is not temporally confined, e.g. that it is continuous: compare potkaista.
• (to kick): Usually atelic (partitive), but telic (accusative) use is also fairly common.

Conjugation

Inflection of potkia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		potkin	en potki	1st sing.	olen potkinut	en ole potkinut
2nd sing.		potkit	et potki	2nd sing.	olet potkinut	et ole potkinut
3rd sing.		potkii	ei potki	3rd sing.	on potkinut	ei ole potkinut
1st plur.		potkimme	emme potki	1st plur.	olemme potkineet	emme ole potkineet
2nd plur.		potkitte	ette potki	2nd plur.	olette potkineet	ette ole potkineet
3rd plur.		potkivat	eivät potki	3rd plur.	ovat potkineet	eivät ole potkineet
passive		potkitaan	ei potkita	passive	on potkittu	ei ole potkittu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		potkin	en potkinut	1st sing.	olin potkinut	en ollut potkinut
2nd sing.		potkit	et potkinut	2nd sing.	olit potkinut	et ollut potkinut
3rd sing.		potki	ei potkinut	3rd sing.	oli potkinut	ei ollut potkinut
1st plur.		potkimme	emme potkineet	1st plur.	olimme potkineet	emme olleet potkineet
2nd plur.		potkitte	ette potkineet	2nd plur.	olitte potkineet	ette olleet potkineet
3rd plur.		potkivat	eivät potkineet	3rd plur.	olivat potkineet	eivät olleet potkineet
passive		potkittiin	ei potkittu	passive	oli potkittu	ei ollut potkittu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		potkisin	en potkisi	1st sing.	olisin potkinut	en olisi potkinut
2nd sing.		potkisit	et potkisi	2nd sing.	olisit potkinut	et olisi potkinut
3rd sing.		potkisi	ei potkisi	3rd sing.	olisi potkinut	ei olisi potkinut
1st plur.		potkisimme	emme potkisi	1st plur.	olisimme potkineet	emme olisi potkineet
2nd plur.		potkisitte	ette potkisi	2nd plur.	olisitte potkineet	ette olisi potkineet
3rd plur.		potkisivat	eivät potkisi	3rd plur.	olisivat potkineet	eivät olisi potkineet
passive		potkittaisiin	ei potkittaisi	passive	olisi potkittu	ei olisi potkittu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		potki	älä potki	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		potkikoon	älköön potkiko	3rd sing.	olkoon potkinut	älköön olko potkinut
1st plur.		potkikaamme	älkäämme potkiko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		potkikaa	älkää potkiko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		potkikoot	älkööt potkiko	3rd plur.	olkoot potkineet	älkööt olko potkineet
passive		potkittakoon	älköön potkittako	passive	olkoon potkittu	älköön olko potkittu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		potkinen	en potkine	1st sing.	lienen potkinut	en liene potkinut
2nd sing.		potkinet	et potkine	2nd sing.	lienet potkinut	et liene potkinut
3rd sing.		potkinee	ei potkine	3rd sing.	lienee potkinut	ei liene potkinut
1st plur.		potkinemme	emme potkine	1st plur.	lienemme potkineet	emme liene potkineet
2nd plur.		potkinette	ette potkine	2nd plur.	lienette potkineet	ette liene potkineet
3rd plur.		potkinevat	eivät potkine	3rd plur.	lienevät potkineet	eivät liene potkineet
passive		potkittaneen	ei potkittane	passive	lienee potkittu	ei liene potkittu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		potkia		present	potkiva	potkittava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st potkiakseni potkiaksemme 2nd potkiaksesi potkiaksenne 3rd potkiakseen potkiaksensa		past	potkinut	potkittu
2nd	inessive2	potkiessa	potkittaessa	agent4	potkima
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st potkiessani potkiessamme 2nd potkiessasi potkiessanne 3rd potkiessaan potkiessansa		negative	potkimaton
	instructive	potkien	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	potkimassa	—
	elative	potkimasta	—
	illative	potkimaan	—
	adessive	potkimalla	—
	abessive	potkimatta	—
	instructive	potkiman	potkittaman
4th3	verbal noun	potkiminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st potkimaisillani potkimaisillamme 2nd potkimaisillasi potkimaisillanne 3rd potkimaisillaan potkimaisillansa

Derived terms

nouns

• potkiaiset
• potkija
• potkiminen
• potkinta
• potku
• potkuri

 

verbs

• potkaista
• potkiskella

 

Related terms

• potkaista

Further reading

• “potkia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞t̪k̟iɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -otkiɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pot‧ki‧a

Noun

potkia

1. partitive plural of potka

Anagrams

• kapiot, okapit, paikot

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *pockidak, equivalent to potka (“hind leg”) +‎ -ia. Cognates include Finnish potkia and Estonian põtkida.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tke̞]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tkiɑ]
• Rhymes: -otkeː, -otkiɑ
• Hyphenation: pot‧ki‧a

Verb

potkia

1. (transitive) to kick

Conjugation

Conjugation of potkia (type 7/oppia, k- gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	potin	en poti	1st singular	oon potkint, oon potkinut	en oo potkint, en oo potkinut
2nd singular	potit	et poti	2nd singular	oot potkint, oot potkinut	et oo potkint, et oo potkinut
3rd singular	potkii	ei poti	3rd singular	ono potkint, ono potkinut	ei oo potkint, ei oo potkinut
1st plural	potimma	emmä poti	1st plural	oomma potkineet	emmä oo potkineet
2nd plural	potitta	että poti	2nd plural	ootta potkineet	että oo potkineet
3rd plural	potkiit1), potkivat2), potitaa	evät poti, ei potita	3rd plural	ovat potkineet	evät oo potkineet, ei oo potittu
impersonal	potitaa	ei potita	impersonal	ono potittu	ei oo potittu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	potin	en potkint, en potkinut	1st singular	olin potkint, olin potkinut	en olt potkint, en olt potkinut
2nd singular	potit	et potkint, et potkinut	2nd singular	olit potkint, olit potkinut	et olt potkint, et olt potkinut
3rd singular	potki	ei potkint, ei potkinut	3rd singular	oli potkint, oli potkinut	ei olt potkint, ei olt potkinut
1st plural	potimma	emmä potkineet	1st plural	olimma potkineet	emmä olleet potkineet
2nd plural	potitta	että potkineet	2nd plural	olitta potkineet	että olleet potkineet
3rd plural	potkiit1), potkivat2), potittii	evät potkineet, ei potittu	3rd plural	olivat potkineet	evät olleet potkineet, ei olt potittu
impersonal	potittii	ei potittu	impersonal	oli potittu	ei olt potittu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	potkisin	en potkis	1st singular	olisin potkint, olisin potkinut	en olis potkint, en olis potkinut
2nd singular	potkisit, potkiist1)	et potkis	2nd singular	olisit potkint, olisit potkinut	et olis potkint, et olis potkinut
3rd singular	potkis	ei potkis	3rd singular	olis potkint, olis potkinut	ei olis potkint, ei olis potkinut
1st plural	potkisimma	emmä potkis	1st plural	olisimma potkineet	emmä olis potkineet
2nd plural	potkisitta	että potkis	2nd plural	olisitta potkineet	että olis potkineet
3rd plural	potkisiit1), potkisivat2), potittais	evät potkis, ei potittais	3rd plural	olisivat potkineet	evät olis potkineet, ei olis potittu
impersonal	potittais	ei potittais	impersonal	olis potittu	ei olis potittu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	poti	elä poti	2nd singular	oo potkint, oo potkinut	elä oo potkint, elä oo potkinut
3rd singular	potkikoo	elköö potkiko	3rd singular	olkoo potkint, olkoo potkinut	elköö olko potkint, elköö olko potkinut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	potkikaa	elkää potkiko	2nd plural	olkaa potkineet	elkää olko potkineet
3rd plural	potkikoot	elkööt potkiko, elköö potittako	3rd plural	olkoot potkineet	elkööt olko potkineet, elköö olko potittu
impersonal	potittakkoo	elköö potittako	impersonal	olkoo potittu	elköö olko potittu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	potkinen	en potkine
2nd singular	potkinet	et potkine
3rd singular	potkinoo	ei potkine
1st plural	potkinemma	emmä potkine
2nd plural	potkinetta	että potkine
3rd plural	potkinoot	evät potkine, ei potittane
impersonal	potittannoo	ei potittane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		potkia	present	potkiva	potittava
2nd	inessive	potkijees	past	potkint, potkinut	potittu
	instructive	potkien	1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (potkikaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	potkimaa
	inessive	potkimaas
	elative	potkimast
	abessive	potkimata
4th	nominative	potkimiin
	partitive	potkimista, potkimist

Derived terms

• potkuri

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈpotkijɑ/, [ˈpo̞tkĭj]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tkiɑ]
• Rhymes: -otkij, -otkiɑ
• Hyphenation: pot‧ki‧a

Noun

potkia

1. partitive plural of potka

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 426