parch

See also: Parch.

English

Etymology

From Middle English parchen, paarchen (“to parch; dry; roast”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant of Middle English perchen (“to roast”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /pɑɹt͡ʃ/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /pɑːtʃ/

  Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)tʃ

Verb

parch (third-person singular simple present parches, present participle parching, simple past and past participle parched)

1. (transitive) To burn the surface of, to scorch.

   The sun today could parch cement.

2. (transitive) To roast, as dry grain.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 23:14:

     Ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn.

3. (transitive) To dry to extremity; to shrivel with heat.

   The patient’s mouth is parched from fever.

   • 1702, Cotton Mather, “[Book VI (Thaumaturgus: […]).] Chapter I. Christus Super Aquas: Relating Wonderful Sea Deliverances.”, in Magnalia Christi Americana: Or, the Ecclesiastical History of New-England, from Its First Planting in the Year 1620. unto the Year of Our Lord, 1698. […], London: […] Thomas Parkhurst, […], →OCLC, section VI (Sore Calamities at Sea Survived), page 5, column 2:

     They vvould go over board vvith a Rope faſtned about them, that by drenching themſelves a vvhile in the Sea, they might eaſe the internal Heat vvhich parched them; and vvhen they ſtood any of them to ſteer the Veſſel, they vvould have their Feet in a Pail of Sea VVater to refrigerate 'em.

   • 1857, Samuel Griswold Goodrich, A History of All Nations, page 101:

     The last day's march was very painful, for the north wind, blowing full in their faces, parched and benumbed the men.

4. (transitive, colloquial) To make very thirsty.

   We're parched, hon. Could you send up an ale from the cooler?

   • 1828, George Croly, Salathiel: A Story of the Past, the Present, and the Future, page 65:

     In my haste I stumbled , and fell over one of the wounded; he groaned, and prayed me for a cup of water to cool the thirst that parched him.

   • 1870 February 1, Charles Haddon Spurgeon, “The Eagle and the Hen”, in The Sword and the Trowel, page 52:

     Serpents bit them, thirst parched them, Amalekites assailed them.

   • 1882, William Dean Howells, A Woman's Reason, page 245:

     They had no water on the wreck, and a consuming thirst parched them.

   • 1919, David Anderson, The Blue Moon: A Tale of the Flatwoods, page 245:

     Whether it was the cup he drank from, or the thirst that parched him, he took no thought, but it was the sweetest drink that ever passed his lips.

   • 1996, Xosé Luis Méndez Ferrín, Them and Other Stories, page 159:

     That there had been certain couplings was only because in opening up tunnels of betrayal and shadows in forbidden bodies and imaginations, they were quenching the thirst for Artur that parched them all, that they all professed in limitless ardour.

   • 2011, James Ellroy, The Cold Six Thousand, page 399:

     Pete sipped RC. Bennies parched him bad.

5. (transitive, archaic) To boil something slowly (Still used in Lancashire in parched peas, a type of mushy peas).
6. (intransitive) To become superficially burnt; to become sunburned.

   The locals watched, amused, as the tourists parched in the sun, having neglected to apply sunscreen or bring water.

Translations

to burn the surface of; to scorch

• Bulgarian: изгарям (bg) (izgarjam)
• Cornish: krasa
• Czech: pražit impf
• Finnish: korventaa (fi), polttaa (fi), paahtaa (fi)
• Galician: abrasar (gl)
• German: ausdörren
• Irish: tíor
• Maori: torotoro
• Russian: выжига́ть (ru) impf (vyžigátʹ), вы́жечь (ru) pf (výžečʹ)
• Sanskrit: शोषयति (śoṣayati)
• Spanish: torrefacer

to dry to extremity

• Bulgarian: изсушавам (bg) (izsušavam)
• Chinese: Mandain: 烘干 (zh) (hōnggān)
• Czech: vysušit pf
• Galician: abrasar (gl)
• German: ausdörren
• Greek: ξηραίνω (el) (xiraíno)
• Irish: tíor
• Mongolian: хатаах (mn) (xataax)
• Portuguese: ressecar (pt)
• Russian: иссуша́ть (ru) impf (issušátʹ), иссуши́ть (ru) pf (issušítʹ) (transitive), пересыха́ть (ru) impf (peresyxátʹ), пересо́хнуть (ru) pf (peresóxnutʹ) (intransitive)
• Sanskrit: शोषयति (śoṣayati)
• Spanish: agostar (es)

to make thirsty

• Bulgarian: пресушавам (bg) (presušavam)
• Catalan: assedegar (ca)
• Czech: vysušit pf
• French: assoiffer (fr)
• Galician: secar (gl)
• Russian: пересыха́ть (ru) impf (peresyxátʹ), пересо́хнуть (ru) pf (peresóxnutʹ) (of the throat, e.g. "го́рло пересо́хло"), иссуша́ть (ru) impf (issušátʹ), иссуши́ть (ru) pf (issušítʹ) (thirst is the subject, the thirsty person is the object, e.g. "меня́ иссуши́ла жа́жда")
• Spanish: dar mucha sed (es)

to become scorched or superficially burnt; to be very dry

• Bulgarian: изсъхвам (bg) (izsǎhvam)
• Czech: vyschnout pf, vyprahnout pf
• Finnish: korventua (fi)
• Galician: abrasar (gl)
• German: rösten (de)
• Greek: ξηραίνομαι (xiraínomai)
• Russian: пересыха́ть (ru) impf (peresyxátʹ), пересо́хнуть (ru) pf (peresóxnutʹ)

Noun

parch (plural parches)

1. The condition of being parched.
   • 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 64:

     Yet here he is, not at the head, but somewhere toward the rear of the serpentine queue wending its way through all this parch […].

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pь̑rxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *piršas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥s-o-s, from *pers-.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈparx/

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Kuyavia) IPA^(key): /ˈparx/
• (Masovia):
  • (Far Masovian) IPA^(key): /ˈparx/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -arx
• Syllabification: parch

Noun

parch m inan

1. dermatophytosis

   Synonyms: grzybica woszczynowa, strupień woszczynowy

2. scab (fungal disease of plants and the lesions it causes)

Declension

Declension of parch

	singular
nominative	parch
genitive	parchu
dative	parchowi
accusative	parch
instrumental	parchem
locative	parchu
vocative	parchu

Noun

parch m pers (female equivalent parchulka)

1. (dated or dialectal, Far Masovian, derogatory, ethnic slur, religious slur, Judaism) kike, Yid (Jewish person)

   Synonyms: icek, mosiek, żydek, Żydzisko

2. (Kuyavia, derogatory, figuratively) minor nobleman; city dweller

Declension

Declension of parch

	singular	plural
nominative	parch	parchy
genitive	parcha	parchów
dative	parchowi	parchom
accusative	parcha	parchów
instrumental	parchem	parchami
locative	parchu	parchach
vocative	parchu	parchy

Derived terms

adjectives

• parchaty
• parszywy

 

Related terms

adjective

• sparszywiały

 

adverb

• parszywie

 

noun

• parszywiec

 

verbs

• parszywieć impf
• sparszywieć pf

 

Further reading

• parch in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• parch in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego/parch on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource ^pl
• Oskar Kolberg (1867) “parch”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 274
• Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “parch”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118

Welsh

Etymology

Back-formation from parchu (“to respect”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /parχ/

Noun

parch m (usually uncountable, plural parchau or peirch)

1. respect
2. reverence, veneration

Derived terms

• hunan-barch (“self-respect”)
• parchu (“to respect”)
• parchus (“respectable; respectful”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
parch	barch	mharch	pharch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “parch”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies