paina

See also: päinä and pāʻina

'Are'are

Verb

paina

1. be big

References

• Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Finnish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑi̯nɑˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝i̯nɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑinɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): pai‧na

Verb

paina

1. inflection of painaa:
   1. present active indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular present imperative
   3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑi̯nɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝i̯nɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑinɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): pai‧na

Noun

paina

1. essive singular/plural of pai

Anagrams

• Apina, apina, ipana

Hawaiian

Etymology

Compound of pai (“to raise, to lift, to increase, to swell”) +‎ -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpai̯.na/, [ˈpɐj.nə], [ˈpɛj.nə] (rapid speech)

Noun

paina

1. rising, swelling, breaking (as of waves)

Further reading

• paina entry at Wehewehe.org
• pai entry at Wehewehe.org (see sense #2)
• -na entry at Wehewehe.org

Livonian

Noun

paina

1. Alternative form of pāina (“pressure”)

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Malayalam പഞ്ഞി (paññi).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpaj.nɐ/ [ˈpaɪ̯.nɐ], /ˈpɐ̃j.nɐ/ [ˈpɐ̃ɪ̯.nɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpaj.nɐ/ [ˈpaɪ̯.nɐ], /ˈpɐ̃j.nɐ/ [ˈpɐ̃ɪ̯.nɐ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpaj.na/ [ˈpaɪ̯.na], /ˈpɐ̃j.na/ [ˈpɐ̃ɪ̯.na]

• Hyphenation: pai‧na

Noun

paina f (plural painas)

1. kapok

Derived terms

• paineira

Further reading

• “paina”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “paina”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “paina”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “paina”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Tagalog

Etymology

From pa- +‎ ina.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /paʔiˈna/ [pɐ.ʔɪˈn̪a]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: pa‧i‧na

Noun

painá (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜁᜈ) (carpentry)

1. any of the two principal sidings of the rungs of a ladder or of the steps of a staircase

Further reading

• “paina”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
• “paina”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *painadak.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑi̯nɑː/, [ˈpɑi̯nɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑi̯nɑː
• Hyphenation: pai‧na

Verb

paina

1. (transitive) to bend, flex
2. (transitive) to incline
3. (intransitive) to weigh
4. (transitive) to dye

Inflection

Conjugation of paina (type III-4/ellä, no gradation)
Indicative
Present			Perfect
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painõn	en painõ	1st singular	õõn painõnnu	en õõ painõnnu
2nd singular	painõd	ed painõ	2nd singular	õõd painõnnu	ed õõ painõnnu
3rd singular	painõb	eb painõ	3rd singular	on painõnnu	eb õõ painõnnu
1st plural	painõmmõ	emmä painõ	1st plural	õõmmõ painõnnu	emmä õõ painõnnu
2nd plural	painõttõ	että painõ	2nd plural	õõttõ painõnnu	että õõ painõnnu
3rd plural	painõta	eväd painõ	3rd plural	õlla painõttu	eväd õõ painõttu
impersonal	painõta	eväd painõ	impersonal	õlla painõttu	eväd õõ painõttu
Imperfect			Pluperfect
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painõn	en painõnnu	1st singular	õlin painõnnu	—
2nd singular	painõd	ed painõnnu	2nd singular	õlid painõnnu	—
3rd singular	painõ	eb painõnnu	3rd singular	õli painõnnu	—
1st plural	painõmmõ	emmä painõnnu	1st plural	õlimmõ painõnnu	—
2nd plural	painõttõ	että painõnnu	2nd plural	õlittõ painõnnu	—
3rd plural	painõtti	eväd painõttu	3rd plural	õlti painõttu	—
impersonal	painõtti	eväd painõttu	impersonal	õlti painõttu	—
Conditional
Present			Perfect
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painaizin	en painaizʹ	1st singular	õllõizin painõnnu	en õllõizʹ painõnnu
2nd singular	painaizid	ed painaizʹ	2nd singular	õllõizid painõnnu	ed õllõizʹ painõnnu
3rd singular	painaizʹ	eb painaizʹ	3rd singular	õllõizʹ painõnnu	eb õllõizʹ painõnnu
1st plural	painaizimmõ	emmä painaizʹ	1st plural	õllõizimmõ painõnnu	emmä õllõizʹ painõnnu
2nd plural	painaizittõ	että painaizʹ	2nd plural	õllõizittõ painõnnu	että õllõizʹ painõnnu
3rd plural	painõttaizʹ	eväd painõttaizʹ	3rd plural	õltaizʹ painõttu	eväd õltaizʹ painõttu
impersonal	painõttaizʹ	eväd painõttaizʹ	impersonal	õltaizʹ painõttu	eväd õltaizʹ painõttu
Imperative
Present
	positive	negative
1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	painõ	elä painõ
3rd singular	painõgo1)	elko painõgo1)
1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	painõga	elka painõga
3rd plural	painõgod1)	—
impersonal	—	—
Nominal forms
Infinitives			Participles
				active	passive
1st		paina	present	painõjõ2)	—
2nd	illative	painõma	past	painõnnu	painõttu
	inessive	painõmõz	1) using la is more common 2) also used as the agent noun
	elative	painõmõssõ
	abessive	painõmõttõ

Conjugation of paina (type III-3/anta, no gradation)
Indicative
Present			Perfect
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painõn	en painõ	1st singular	õõn painõnnu	en õõ painõnnu
2nd singular	painõd	ed painõ	2nd singular	õõd painõnnu	ed õõ painõnnu
3rd singular	painõb	eb painõ	3rd singular	on painõnnu	eb õõ painõnnu
1st plural	painõmmõ	emmä painõ	1st plural	õõmmõ painõnnu	emmä õõ painõnnu
2nd plural	painõttõ	että painõ	2nd plural	õõttõ painõnnu	että õõ painõnnu
3rd plural	painõta	eväd painõ	3rd plural	õlla painõttu	eväd õõ painõttu
impersonal	painõta	eväd painõ	impersonal	õlla painõttu	eväd õõ painõttu
Imperfect			Pluperfect
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painin	en painõnnu	1st singular	õlin painõnnu	—
2nd singular	painid	ed painõnnu	2nd singular	õlid painõnnu	—
3rd singular	paini	eb painõnnu	3rd singular	õli painõnnu	—
1st plural	painimmõ	emmä painõnnu	1st plural	õlimmõ painõnnu	—
2nd plural	painittõ	että painõnnu	2nd plural	õlittõ painõnnu	—
3rd plural	painõtti	eväd painõttu	3rd plural	õlti painõttu	—
impersonal	painõtti	eväd painõttu	impersonal	õlti painõttu	—
Conditional
Present			Perfect
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	painaizin	en painaizʹ	1st singular	õllõizin painõnnu	en õllõizʹ painõnnu
2nd singular	painaizid	ed painaizʹ	2nd singular	õllõizid painõnnu	ed õllõizʹ painõnnu
3rd singular	painaizʹ	eb painaizʹ	3rd singular	õllõizʹ painõnnu	eb õllõizʹ painõnnu
1st plural	painaizimmõ	emmä painaizʹ	1st plural	õllõizimmõ painõnnu	emmä õllõizʹ painõnnu
2nd plural	painaizittõ	että painaizʹ	2nd plural	õllõizittõ painõnnu	että õllõizʹ painõnnu
3rd plural	painõttaizʹ	eväd painõttaizʹ	3rd plural	õltaizʹ painõttu	eväd õltaizʹ painõttu
impersonal	painõttaizʹ	eväd painõttaizʹ	impersonal	õltaizʹ painõttu	eväd õltaizʹ painõttu
Imperative
Present
	positive	negative
1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	painõ	elä painõ
3rd singular	painõgo1)	elko painõgo1)
1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	painõga	elka painõga
3rd plural	painõgod1)	—
impersonal	—	—
Nominal forms
Infinitives			Participles
				active	passive
1st		paina	present	painõjõ2)	—
2nd	illative	painõma	past	painõnnu	painõttu
	inessive	painõmõz	1) using la is more common 2) also used as the agent noun
	elative	painõmõssõ
	abessive	painõmõttõ

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “painaa”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn