mrḥt

Egyptian

Etymology

m- (noun-forming prefix) +‎ wrḥ (“to anoint”) +‎ -t (feminine suffix)

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /mVˈɾiħjat/ → /mVˈɾiħjaʔ/ → /məˈɾeħa/ → /məˈɾeħə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /mVˈɾiħjat/

  where V represents an unknown short vowel.

• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /mVˈɾiħjaʔ/

  where V represents an unknown short vowel.

• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /məˈɾeħa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /məˈɾeħə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /mɛrhɛt/
  • Conventional anglicization: merhet

Noun

 f

1. oil
   1. anointing oil, also used medicinally or as an offering
   2. fish oil, used as fuel for burning [New Kingdom]
   3. (rare) tree oil
2. fat (of any kind of animal)

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mrḥt  

mrḥt	mrḥt	mrḥt	mrḥt	mrḥt	mrḥt
			abbreviation	abbreviation	abbreviation

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mrḥt  

mrḥt	mrḥt	mrḥ	mrḥ	mrḥ	mrḥw	mrt
[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

• mrḥtj
• mrḥt-jḥtjt
• mrḥt n ḫt

Descendants

• Egyptian: mrḥ m (“asphalt”)
  • Demotic: mrḥ
    • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲁⲙⲣⲏϩⲉ (amrēhe)
    • Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲣⲉϩⲓ (mrehi), ⲉⲙⲣⲉϩⲓ (emrehi), ⲙⲃⲣⲉϩⲓ (mbrehi), ⲃⲣⲉϩⲓ (brehi), ⲉⲣⲡⲣⲉϩⲓ (erprehi)
    • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲙⲣⲉϩⲓ (amrehi)
    • Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲙⲣⲏϩⲉ (amrēhe), ⲁⲙⲣⲉϩⲉ (amrehe)

References

• “mrḥ.t (lemma ID 72840)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 110, 111.1–111.10
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 112
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 167, 218.