lóg

See also: Appendix:Variations of "log"

Faroese

Etymology

From Danish lov, from Old Norse lǫg, from Proto-Germanic *lagą (“law”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔuːw/
• Rhymes: -ɔuːw

Noun

lóg f (genitive singular lógar, plural lógir)

1. law

Declension

f2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lóg	lógin	lógir	lógirnar
accusative	lóg	lógina	lógir	lógirnar
dative	lóg	lógini	lógum	lógunum
genitive	lógar	lógarinnar	lóga	lóganna

See also

• løg-

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *loŋe- (“to throw, push away”) + -g (frequentative suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈloːɡ]
• Hyphenation: lóg
• Rhymes: -oːɡ

Verb

lóg

1. (intransitive) to hang (followed by -ról/-ről or -n/-on/-en/-ön) (to be or remain suspended)

   Egy hinta lógott a fáról. ― There was a swing hanging from the tree.

   A lapát ott lógott a szögön. ― The shovel was hanging from a nail.

2. (intransitive) to play truant, play hooky (to miss school, work, etc. without suitable permission or excuse)
3. (intransitive, slang) to hang out (with someone -val/-vel) (to spend time doing nothing in particular)

   Most is a fiúkkal lóg. ― He is hanging out with the boys.

Conjugation

Conjugation of lóg

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lógok	lógsz	lóg	lógunk	lógtok	lógnak
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	lógtam	lógtál	lógott	lógtunk	lógtatok	lógtak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. lógni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	lógék	lógál	lóga	lógánk	lógátok	lógának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lóg vala, lógott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	lógandok	lógandasz	lógand	lógandunk	lógandotok	lógandanak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	lógnék	lógnál	lógna	lógnánk	lógnátok	lógnának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lógott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lógjak	lógj or lógjál	lógjon	lógjunk	lógjatok	lógjanak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lógott légyen
infinitive	lógni		lógnom	lógnod	lógnia	lógnunk	lógnotok	lógniuk
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
	lógás		lógó	lógott	―	lógva (lógván)

Potential conjugation of lóg

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lóghatok	lóghatsz	lóghat	lóghatunk	lóghattok	lóghatnak
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	lóghattam	lóghattál	lóghatott	lóghattunk	lóghattatok	lóghattak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
archaic preterite		indef.	lóghaték	lóghatál	lóghata	lóghatánk	lóghatátok	lóghatának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lóghat vala, lóghatott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	lóghatandok or lógandhatok	lóghatandasz or lógandhatsz	lóghatand or lógandhat	lóghatandunk or lógandhatunk	lóghatandotok or lógandhattok	lóghatandanak or lógandhatnak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	lóghatnék	lóghatnál	lóghatna	lóghatnánk	lóghatnátok	lóghatnának
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lóghatott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lóghassak	lóghass or lóghassál	lóghasson	lóghassunk	lóghassatok	lóghassanak
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lóghatott légyen
infinitive	(lóghatni)		(lóghatnom)	(lóghatnod)	(lóghatnia)	(lóghatnunk)	(lóghatnotok)	(lóghatniuk)
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
	―			―		(lóghatva / lóghatván)

Derived terms

• lógat
• lógás
• lógós

(With verbal prefixes):

• átlóg
• belóg
• belelóg
• ellóg
• kilóg
• lelóg
• meglóg
• rálóg

Expressions

• lóg az eső, lóg az eső lába

Related terms

• lóbál
• lódít
• lódul

Further reading

• lóg in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Anagrams

• gól

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• lúag

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *lougos, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“benefit, prize”). The nature of the suffix and the ablaut grade of the base are unclear.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l͈oːɣ/

Noun

lóg n (genitive lóge)

1. value, equivalent, worth
2. reward, requital, compensation, payment, price
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10^d23

     Mad ar lóg pridcha-sa, .i. ar m’étiuth et mo thoschith, ním·bia fochricc dar hési mo precepte.

     If I preach for pay, that is, for my clothing and my sustenance, I shall not have a reward for my teaching.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10^d26

     massu thol atom·aig dó; manid ar lóg

     if it is desire that drives me to it; if it is not for pay

Inflection

The paradigm did not contain any palatalisation of disyllabic forms. This was due to the presence of a non-coronal consonant preceded by a rounded vowel, which blocked the first palatalization.

Neuter s-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	lógN	lógN	lógeL
vocative	lógN	lógN	lógeL
accusative	lógN	lógN	lógeL
genitive	lógeL	lóge	lógeN
dative	lóigL	lógaib	lógaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• lógmar

Related terms

• folud (“wealth”)

Descendants

• Middle Irish: lúach, lúag
  • Irish: luach
  • Scottish Gaelic: luach

Mutation

Mutation of lóg

radical	lenition	nasalization
lóg also llóg after a proclitic ending in a vowel	lóg pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lóg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ufo-lawto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 398