Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lagą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”). Synchronically analyzable as a nominal formation from *ligjaną (“to lie, rest on”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɑ.ɣɑ̃/

Noun

*lagą n

1. situation
2. law
3. a settled amount (cost, price, payment, etc.)

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *lagą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*lagą	*lagō
vocative	*lagą	*lagō
accusative	*lagą	*lagō
genitive	*lagas, *lagis	*lagǫ̂
dative	*lagai	*lagamaz
instrumental	*lagō	*lagamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *lag
  • Old English: *læġ
    • Middle English: lai, lay, lagh
      • English: lay
      • Scots: lay
    • ⇒ Old English: ġelæġ
    • ⇒ Old English: oferlæġ
  • ⇒ Old Frisian: laga
    • North Frisian: lag, log
  • Old Saxon: *lag
    • Middle Low German: lag, lach, lōch, lov
  • Old Dutch: lag
    • Middle Dutch: lach
      • Dutch: lag
• Old Norse: lag n; lǫg n pl
  • Icelandic: lag n; lög n pl
  • Faroese: lag
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: lag n; log f
  • Old Swedish: lagh
    • Swedish: lag n, lag c or f
      • → Finnish: laki
  • Old Danish: lagh, logh
    • Danish: lag n, lav c, lov
      • Norwegian Bokmål: lag n, lov m
      • → Faroese: lóg f
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: lov f or m
  • → Old English: lagu
    • → Middle English: lawe, laȝe, lagh
      • English: law (“score, share of expense, legal charge”)
  • Scots: lauch, lawch
  • Old West Norse:
    • Icelandic: lög n pl
    • Faroese: løg-
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: log f; (dialectal) løg f
  • Old East Norse:
    • Old Swedish: lagh f
      • Swedish: lag c
      • → Finnish: laki
    • Old Danish: lagh, logh, ᛚᚮᚼ n pl or f
      • Danish: lov c
        • Norwegian Bokmål: lov
        • → Faroese: lóg f
        • → Norwegian: lov f or m (partially through Bokmål)
  • → Old English: lagu f
    • Middle English: lawe, laȝe, laugh, laue
      • English: law
      • Scots: law
• → Proto-Finnic: *lako (see there for further descendants)