kunigas

See also: kuniĝas

Esperanto

Verb

kunigas

1. present of kunigi

Ingrian

Kunigas (1).

Kunigas (2) ja emäntä.

Alternative forms

• kuningas, kunikas

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kuningas. Cognates include Finnish kuningas and Estonian kuningas.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkuniɡɑs/, [ˈkuniɡəz̠]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkuniɡɑs/, [ˈkuniɡ̊ɑʒ̥]
• Rhymes: -uniɡɑs
• Hyphenation: ku‧ni‧gas

Noun

kunigas

1. king, queen, tsar
   • 1885, “Sprachproben: Der goldene Vogel”, in Volmari Porkka, editor, Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:

     Oli enne kunigas, ja kunikaal oli kolt poikaa.

     Once upon a time, there was a king and the king had three sons.

     (Note: The spelling has been normalised in accordance with the literary Ingrian language.)

   • 1885, “Sprachproben: Das von Tenfel bezauberte Mädchen”, in Volmari Porkka, editor, Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:

     Ja suet, karhut laittoi metsää, itse mäni kunikaalle, mist hää nai.

     And the wolves, the bears he left in the forest, and he himself went to the princess, which he had married.

     (Note: The spelling has been normalised in accordance with the literary Ingrian language.)

   • 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 118:

     Se oli veel kunikaan aikaan. Miul oli siis kakstoist aastaikaa.

     This was still in the tsar's time. I was twelve years old then.

2. (card games) king

Usage notes

• By default, kunigas denotes a male monarch. Depending on context, a female monarch may be denoted, or any member of the royal family.

Declension

Declension of kunigas (type 2/patsas, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kunigas	kunikaat
genitive	kunikaan	kunikain
partitive	kunigasta, kunigast	kunikaita, kunikaja
illative	kunikaasse	kunikaisse
inessive	kunikaas	kunikais
elative	kunikaast	kunikaist
allative	kunikaalle	kunikaille
adessive	kunikaal	kunikail
ablative	kunikaalt	kunikailt
translative	kunikaaks	kunikaiks
essive	kunikaanna, kunikaan	kunikainna, kunikain
exessive1)	kunikaant	kunikaint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• kunikaanhattu
• patakunigas

 

References

• Fedor Tumansky (1790) “куннигасъ”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 685
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 219

Lithuanian

Katalikų kunigas

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kuningaz (“king”). Compare the shift from "king" to "priest" with Polish ksiądz (“priest”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʊ.nʲɪ.ɡɐs/

Noun

kùnigas m (plural kunigaĩ) stress pattern 3

1. priest (male religious official trained to perform and lead rituals at a church or temple)

   katalìkų, anglikõnų, stačiãtikių kùnigas ― Catholic, Anglican, Orthodox priest

Declension

Declension of kùnigas

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	kùnigas	kunigaĩ
genitive (kilmininkas)	kùnigo	kunigų̃
dative (naudininkas)	kùnigui	kunigáms
accusative (galininkas)	kùnigą	kùnigus
instrumental (įnagininkas)	kùnigu	kunigaĩs
locative (vietininkas)	kunigè	kuniguosè
vocative (šauksmininkas)	kùnige	kunigaĩ