kummastua
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kummastua
- (intransitive) to be surprised or astonished [with elative ‘by’]
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of kummastua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kummastun | en kummastu | 1st sing. | olen kummastunut | en ole kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kummastut | et kummastu | 2nd sing. | olet kummastunut | et ole kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kummastuu | ei kummastu | 3rd sing. | on kummastunut | ei ole kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kummastumme | emme kummastu | 1st plur. | olemme kummastuneet | emme ole kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kummastutte | ette kummastu | 2nd plur. | olette kummastuneet | ette ole kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kummastuvat | eivät kummastu | 3rd plur. | ovat kummastuneet | eivät ole kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kummastutaan | ei kummastuta | passive | on kummastuttu | ei ole kummastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kummastuin | en kummastunut | 1st sing. | olin kummastunut | en ollut kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kummastuit | et kummastunut | 2nd sing. | olit kummastunut | et ollut kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kummastui | ei kummastunut | 3rd sing. | oli kummastunut | ei ollut kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kummastuimme | emme kummastuneet | 1st plur. | olimme kummastuneet | emme olleet kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kummastuitte | ette kummastuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kummastuneet | ette olleet kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kummastuivat | eivät kummastuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kummastuneet | eivät olleet kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kummastuttiin | ei kummastuttu | passive | oli kummastuttu | ei ollut kummastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kummastuisin | en kummastuisi | 1st sing. | olisin kummastunut | en olisi kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kummastuisit | et kummastuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kummastunut | et olisi kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kummastuisi | ei kummastuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kummastunut | ei olisi kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kummastuisimme | emme kummastuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kummastuneet | emme olisi kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kummastuisitte | ette kummastuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kummastuneet | ette olisi kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kummastuisivat | eivät kummastuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kummastuneet | eivät olisi kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kummastuttaisiin | ei kummastuttaisi | passive | olisi kummastuttu | ei olisi kummastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kummastu | älä kummastu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kummastukoon | älköön kummastuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kummastunut | älköön olko kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kummastukaamme | älkäämme kummastuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kummastukaa | älkää kummastuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kummastukoot | älkööt kummastuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kummastuneet | älkööt olko kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kummastuttakoon | älköön kummastuttako | passive | olkoon kummastuttu | älköön olko kummastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kummastunen | en kummastune | 1st sing. | lienen kummastunut | en liene kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kummastunet | et kummastune | 2nd sing. | lienet kummastunut | et liene kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kummastunee | ei kummastune | 3rd sing. | lienee kummastunut | ei liene kummastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kummastunemme | emme kummastune | 1st plur. | lienemme kummastuneet | emme liene kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kummastunette | ette kummastune | 2nd plur. | lienette kummastuneet | ette liene kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kummastunevat | eivät kummastune | 3rd plur. | lienevät kummastuneet | eivät liene kummastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kummastuttaneen | ei kummastuttane | passive | lienee kummastuttu | ei liene kummastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kummastua | present | kummastuva | kummastuttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | kummastunut | kummastuttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kummastuessa | kummastuttaessa | agent4 | kummastuma | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | kummastumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kummastuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kummastumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kummastumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kummastumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kummastumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kummastumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kummastuman | kummastuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | kummastuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kummastua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02