kavahtaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Proto-Finnic *kava- + -ahtaa (momentane aspect)
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kavahtaa
- (intransitive) to flinch, start, jump
- (transitive, usually atelic) to beware of
- (transitive, usually atelic, chiefly in the negative) to (will) stop at (nothing/nobody/none/no ...)
- He eivät kavahda mitään keinoja.
- They will stop at nothing.
- (literally, “They won't get frightened by any methods/measures (used).”)
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of kavahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kavahdan | en kavahda | 1st sing. | olen kavahtanut | en ole kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kavahdat | et kavahda | 2nd sing. | olet kavahtanut | et ole kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kavahtaa | ei kavahda | 3rd sing. | on kavahtanut | ei ole kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kavahdamme | emme kavahda | 1st plur. | olemme kavahtaneet | emme ole kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kavahdatte | ette kavahda | 2nd plur. | olette kavahtaneet | ette ole kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kavahtavat | eivät kavahda | 3rd plur. | ovat kavahtaneet | eivät ole kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kavahdetaan | ei kavahdeta | passive | on kavahdettu | ei ole kavahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kavahdin | en kavahtanut | 1st sing. | olin kavahtanut | en ollut kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kavahdit | et kavahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit kavahtanut | et ollut kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kavahti | ei kavahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli kavahtanut | ei ollut kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kavahdimme | emme kavahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kavahtaneet | emme olleet kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kavahditte | ette kavahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kavahtaneet | ette olleet kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kavahtivat | eivät kavahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kavahtaneet | eivät olleet kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kavahdettiin | ei kavahdettu | passive | oli kavahdettu | ei ollut kavahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kavahtaisin | en kavahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kavahtanut | en olisi kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kavahtaisit | et kavahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kavahtanut | et olisi kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kavahtaisi | ei kavahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kavahtanut | ei olisi kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kavahtaisimme | emme kavahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kavahtaneet | emme olisi kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kavahtaisitte | ette kavahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kavahtaneet | ette olisi kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kavahtaisivat | eivät kavahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kavahtaneet | eivät olisi kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kavahdettaisiin | ei kavahdettaisi | passive | olisi kavahdettu | ei olisi kavahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kavahda | älä kavahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kavahtakoon | älköön kavahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kavahtanut | älköön olko kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kavahtakaamme | älkäämme kavahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kavahtakaa | älkää kavahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kavahtakoot | älkööt kavahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kavahtaneet | älkööt olko kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kavahdettakoon | älköön kavahdettako | passive | olkoon kavahdettu | älköön olko kavahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kavahtanen | en kavahtane | 1st sing. | lienen kavahtanut | en liene kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kavahtanet | et kavahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet kavahtanut | et liene kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kavahtanee | ei kavahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee kavahtanut | ei liene kavahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kavahtanemme | emme kavahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme kavahtaneet | emme liene kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kavahtanette | ette kavahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette kavahtaneet | ette liene kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kavahtanevat | eivät kavahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kavahtaneet | eivät liene kavahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kavahdettaneen | ei kavahdettane | passive | lienee kavahdettu | ei liene kavahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kavahtaa | present | kavahtava | kavahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | kavahtanut | kavahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kavahtaessa | kavahdettaessa | agent4 | kavahtama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kavahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kavahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kavahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kavahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kavahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kavahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kavahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kavahtaman | kavahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | kavahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Synonyms
[edit]- (to (will) stop at nothing): kaihtaa (also with a negation verb)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kavahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Categories:
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -ahtaa
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑʋɑhtɑː
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑʋɑhtɑː/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish intransitive verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- Finnish negative polarity items
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish muistaa-type verbs