infundir

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin īnfundere.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈd͡ʒi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈdiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈdiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fũˈdi.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: in‧fun‧dir

Verb

infundir (first-person singular present infundo, first-person singular preterite infundi, past participle infundido)

1. to infuse
2. to inspire, to instill

   Synonyms: inspirar, incutir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of infundir (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	infundir
Personal	infundir	infundires	infundir	infundirmos	infundirdes	infundirem
Gerund
	infundindo
Past participle
Masculine	infundido			infundidos
Feminine	infundida			infundidas
Indicative
Present	infundo	infundes	infunde	infundimos	infundis	infundem
Imperfect	infundia	infundias	infundia	infundíamos	infundíeis	infundiam
Preterite	infundi	infundiste	infundiu	infundimos	infundistes	infundiram
Pluperfect	infundira	infundiras	infundira	infundíramos	infundíreis	infundiram
Future	infundirei	infundirás	infundirá	infundiremos	infundireis	infundirão
Conditional	infundiria	infundirias	infundiria	infundiríamos	infundiríeis	infundiriam
Subjunctive
Present	infunda	infundas	infunda	infundamos	infundais	infundam
Imperfect	infundisse	infundisses	infundisse	infundíssemos	infundísseis	infundissem
Future	infundir	infundires	infundir	infundirmos	infundirdes	infundirem
Imperative
Affirmative		infunde	infunda	infundamos	infundi	infundam
Negative (não)		não infundas	não infunda	não infundamos	não infundais	não infundam

Related terms

• infusão

Spanish

FWOTD – 8 November 2024

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īnfundere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /infunˈdiɾ/ [ĩɱ.fũn̪ˈd̪iɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: in‧fun‧dir

Verb

infundir (first-person singular present infundo, first-person singular preterite infundí, past participle infundido)

1. (ditransitive) to instill (especially a feeling)

   Le infundió miedo. ― It terrified her.

   Le infundió ánimos. ― It perked her up.

   Le infundió sospechas. ― It made her suspicious.

   Le infundió valores. ― It instilled values in her.

   Le infundió confianza. ― It made her trusting.

   • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 74:

     Todos los Viernes Santos, a la misma hora, se renueva la maravillosa aparición, que infunde bríos al inmortal proscripto para continuar n año más su dolorosa peregrinación.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2017 August, “Flota pesquera china infunde temor en Ecuador”, in El Universo‎^[1]:

     Flota pesquera china infunde temor en Ecuador

     A fleet of Chinese fishing boats invokes fear in Ecuador

Conjugation

    Conjugation of infundir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			infundir
gerund			infundiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		infundido		infundida
		plural		infundidos		infundidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	infundo	infundestú infundísvos	infunde	infundimos	infundís	infunden
	imperfect	infundía	infundías	infundía	infundíamos	infundíais	infundían
	preterite	infundí	infundiste	infundió	infundimos	infundisteis	infundieron
	future	infundiré	infundirás	infundirá	infundiremos	infundiréis	infundirán
	conditional	infundiría	infundirías	infundiría	infundiríamos	infundiríais	infundirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	infunda	infundastú infundásvos2	infunda	infundamos	infundáis	infundan
	imperfect (ra)	infundiera	infundieras	infundiera	infundiéramos	infundierais	infundieran
	imperfect (se)	infundiese	infundieses	infundiese	infundiésemos	infundieseis	infundiesen
	future1	infundiere	infundieres	infundiere	infundiéremos	infundiereis	infundieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		infundetú infundívos	infunda	infundamos	infundid	infundan
	negative		no infundas	no infunda	no infundamos	no infundáis	no infundan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of infundir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive infundir	dative	infundirme	infundirte	infundirle, infundirse	infundirnos	infundiros	infundirles, infundirse
	accusative	infundirme	infundirte	infundirlo, infundirla, infundirse	infundirnos	infundiros	infundirlos, infundirlas, infundirse
with gerund infundiendo	dative	infundiéndome	infundiéndote	infundiéndole, infundiéndose	infundiéndonos	infundiéndoos	infundiéndoles, infundiéndose
	accusative	infundiéndome	infundiéndote	infundiéndolo, infundiéndola, infundiéndose	infundiéndonos	infundiéndoos	infundiéndolos, infundiéndolas, infundiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative infunde	dative	infúndeme	infúndete	infúndele	infúndenos	not used	infúndeles
	accusative	infúndeme	infúndete	infúndelo, infúndela	infúndenos	not used	infúndelos, infúndelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative infundí	dative	infundime	infundite	infundile	infundinos	not used	infundiles
	accusative	infundime	infundite	infundilo, infundila	infundinos	not used	infundilos, infundilas
with formal second-person singular imperative infunda	dative	infúndame	not used	infúndale, infúndase	infúndanos	not used	infúndales
	accusative	infúndame	not used	infúndalo, infúndala, infúndase	infúndanos	not used	infúndalos, infúndalas
with first-person plural imperative infundamos	dative	not used	infundámoste	infundámosle	infundámonos	infundámoos	infundámosles
	accusative	not used	infundámoste	infundámoslo, infundámosla	infundámonos	infundámoos	infundámoslos, infundámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative infundid	dative	infundidme	not used	infundidle	infundidnos	infundíos	infundidles
	accusative	infundidme	not used	infundidlo, infundidla	infundidnos	infundíos	infundidlos, infundidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative infundan	dative	infúndanme	not used	infúndanle	infúndannos	not used	infúndanles, infúndanse
	accusative	infúndanme	not used	infúndanlo, infúndanla	infúndannos	not used	infúndanlos, infúndanlas, infúndanse

Related terms

• infusión

Further reading

• “infundir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10