infirm

English

Etymology

From Middle English infirme, from Latin infirmus (“weak, feeble”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈfɜːm/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈfɜɹm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)m

Adjective

infirm (comparative infirmer, superlative infirmest)

1. Weak or ill, not in good health.

   He was infirm of body but still keen of mind, and though it looked like he couldn't walk across the room, he crushed me in debate.

   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

     […] Here I stand your slave,
     A poor, infirm, weak, and despis’d old man.

   • 2023 August 30, “Security Advisory For Polling Day”, in Singapore Police Force‎^[1]:

     There will be special drop-off points at all polling stations for vehicles conveying voters who are sick, infirm, or disabled.

2. Irresolute; weak of mind or will.
   • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:

     Infirm of purpose!
     Give me the daggers: […]

   • 1797, Edmund Burke, “Letter III.”, in A Third Letter to a Member of the Present Parliament, on the Proposals for Peace with the Regicide Directory of France, London: […] F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […]; sold also by J[ohn] Hatchard, […], →OCLC, page 30:

     […] vehement passion does not always indicate an infirm judgment.

3. Frail; unstable; insecure.
   • 1692–1717, Robert South, “The Practice of Religion Enforced by Reason”, in Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London, [https:// page 3]:

     He who fixes upon false Principles, treads upon Infirm ground, and so sinks […]

Synonyms

• crank, ill, sick, unwell

Related terms

• infirmary

Translations

weak; feeble

• Bulgarian: немощен (bg) (nemošten), безсилен (bg) (bezsilen)
• Catalan: malaltís (ca) m
• Czech: nemohoucí (cs), vetchý, neduživý (cs)
• Estonian: nõder
• French: infirme (fr)
• German: schwach (de), schwächlich (de), kränklich (de), gebrechlich (de), siech (de), kraftlos (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: ἄρρωστος (árrhōstos)

• Maori: manauhea, tārutu
• Ottoman Turkish: ضعیف (zaʼif), درمانسز (dermansız)
• Portuguese: enfermo (pt), combalido
• Romanian: infirm (ro)
• Russian: не́мощный (ru) (némoščnyj)
• Spanish: enfermizo (es), endeble (es)

irresolute

• Czech: nerozhodný

insecure

• Czech: nepevný, nejistý
• German: unsicher (de)
• Spanish: inseguro (es)

unstable

• Bulgarian: неустойчив (bg) (neustojčiv)
• German: instabil (de)
• Romanian: instabil (ro)
• Russian: неусто́йчивый (ru) (neustójčivyj)

Verb

infirm (third-person singular simple present infirms, present participle infirming, simple past and past participle infirmed)

1. To contradict, to provide proof that something is not.

   The thought is that you see an episode of observation, experiment, or reasoning as confirming or infirming a hypothesis depending on whether your probability for it increases or decreases during the episode.

Synonyms

• disconfirm

Antonyms

• confirm

Derived terms

• infirmation

Translations

contradict

• Bulgarian: противореча (bg) (protivoreča)
• Czech: vyvrátit (cs)
• French: infirmer (fr)

Anagrams

• Firmin

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈfirm/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French infirme, from Latin infirmus.

Adjective

infirm m or n (feminine singular infirmă, masculine plural infirmi, feminine and neuter plural infirme)

1. crippled

   Synonyms: invalid, schilod, beteag

Declension

		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	infirm		infirmă		infirmi	infirme
	definite	infirmul		infirma		infirmii	infirmele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	infirm		infirme		infirmi	infirme
	definite	infirmului		infirmei		infirmilor	infirmelor

Related terms

• infirmitate

Noun

infirm m (plural infirmi, feminine equivalent infirmă)

1. cripple, invalid

   Synonyms: invalid, schilod

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	infirm	infirmul		infirmi	infirmii
genitive-dative	infirm	infirmului		infirmi	infirmilor
vocative	infirmule			infirmilor

Etymology 2

Inflected form of infirma (“to invalidate”).

Verb

infirm

1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of infirma