helma

See also: Helma

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from German Helm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦɛlma]

Noun

helma f

1. helmet
2. hard hat

Declension

Declension of helma (hard feminine reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	helma	helmy
genitive	helmy	helem
dative	helmě	helmám
accusative	helmu	helmy
vocative	helmo	helmy
locative	helmě	helmách
instrumental	helmou	helmami

Further reading

• “helma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “helma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëlma (compare Estonian hõlm), possibly borrowed either from Baltic (compare Lithuanian šelmuo (“ridge (of a roof)”)) or from Proto-Germanic *helmaz (“protective covering”) (compare Old English helm (“helmet, protection, covering”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhelmɑ/, [ˈhe̞lmɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -elmɑ
• Syllabification^(key): hel‧ma

Noun

helma

1. skirt, base, lap (part of a dress or robe, etc., that hangs below the waist)

   Synonyms: helmus, lieve, reuna

2. hem (border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying)

   Synonyms: palle, päärme

3. (figuratively) care

   äitinsä helmoissa ― cared for by his mother / living with his mother

4. (furniture) valance (short, decorative edging of cloth that conceals the underside of a bed, couch or other piece of furniture)

   Synonym: helmalakana

Declension

Inflection of helma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		helma	helmat
genitive		helman	helmojen
partitive		helmaa	helmoja
illative		helmaan	helmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		helma	helmat
accusative	nom.	helma	helmat
	gen.	helman
genitive		helman	helmojen helmain rare
partitive		helmaa	helmoja
inessive		helmassa	helmoissa
elative		helmasta	helmoista
illative		helmaan	helmoihin
adessive		helmalla	helmoilla
ablative		helmalta	helmoilta
allative		helmalle	helmoille
essive		helmana	helmoina
translative		helmaksi	helmoiksi
abessive		helmatta	helmoitta
instructive		—	helmoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of helma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative helmani helmani accusative nom. helmani helmani gen. helmani genitive helmani helmojeni helmaini rare partitive helmaani helmojani inessive helmassani helmoissani elative helmastani helmoistani illative helmaani helmoihini adessive helmallani helmoillani ablative helmaltani helmoiltani allative helmalleni helmoilleni essive helmanani helmoinani translative helmakseni helmoikseni abessive helmattani helmoittani instructive — — comitative — helmoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative helmasi helmasi accusative nom. helmasi helmasi gen. helmasi genitive helmasi helmojesi helmaisi rare partitive helmaasi helmojasi inessive helmassasi helmoissasi elative helmastasi helmoistasi illative helmaasi helmoihisi adessive helmallasi helmoillasi ablative helmaltasi helmoiltasi allative helmallesi helmoillesi essive helmanasi helmoinasi translative helmaksesi helmoiksesi abessive helmattasi helmoittasi instructive — — comitative — helmoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative helmamme helmamme accusative nom. helmamme helmamme gen. helmamme genitive helmamme helmojemme helmaimme rare partitive helmaamme helmojamme inessive helmassamme helmoissamme elative helmastamme helmoistamme illative helmaamme helmoihimme adessive helmallamme helmoillamme ablative helmaltamme helmoiltamme allative helmallemme helmoillemme essive helmanamme helmoinamme translative helmaksemme helmoiksemme abessive helmattamme helmoittamme instructive — — comitative — helmoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative helmanne helmanne accusative nom. helmanne helmanne gen. helmanne genitive helmanne helmojenne helmainne rare partitive helmaanne helmojanne inessive helmassanne helmoissanne elative helmastanne helmoistanne illative helmaanne helmoihinne adessive helmallanne helmoillanne ablative helmaltanne helmoiltanne allative helmallenne helmoillenne essive helmananne helmoinanne translative helmaksenne helmoiksenne abessive helmattanne helmoittanne instructive — — comitative — helmoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative helmansa helmansa accusative nom. helmansa helmansa gen. helmansa genitive helmansa helmojensa helmainsa rare partitive helmaansa helmojaan helmojansa inessive helmassaan helmassansa helmoissaan helmoissansa elative helmastaan helmastansa helmoistaan helmoistansa illative helmaansa helmoihinsa adessive helmallaan helmallansa helmoillaan helmoillansa ablative helmaltaan helmaltansa helmoiltaan helmoiltansa allative helmalleen helmallensa helmoilleen helmoillensa essive helmanaan helmanansa helmoinaan helmoinansa translative helmakseen helmaksensa helmoikseen helmoiksensa abessive helmattaan helmattansa helmoittaan helmoittansa instructive — — comitative — helmoineen helmoinensa

Derived terms

• -helmainen
• helmallinen
• helmus
• helmusta

 

compounds

• hameenhelma
• helmalakana
• helmalinja
• helmankorkeus
• helmapelti
• helmasynti
• hienohelma
• kellohelma
• luonnonhelma
• paidanhelma
• rimpsuhelma
• sivuhelma

 

Further reading

• “helma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• Halme, halme

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëlma. Cognates include Finnish helma and Estonian hõlm.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈhelmɑ/, [ˈhe̞ɫm]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈhelmɑ/, [ˈhe̞ɫmɑ]
• (Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈhelmɑ/, [ˈhe̞ɫmɑ]
• Rhymes: -elm, -elmɑ
• Hyphenation: hel‧ma

Noun

helma

1. skirt, base, lap (part of clothing hanging below the waist)

Declension

Declension of helma (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	helma	helmat
genitive	helman	helmoin
partitive	helmaa	helmoja
illative	helmaa	helmoi
inessive	helmaas	helmois
elative	helmast	helmoist
allative	helmalle	helmoille
adessive	helmaal	helmoil
ablative	helmalt	helmoilt
translative	helmaks	helmoiks
essive	helmanna, helmaan	helmoinna, helmoin
exessive1)	helmant	helmoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• helmusti

 

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 55
• Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 34

Old English

Etymology

Cognate with Old Norse hjálm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxel.mɑ/, [ˈheɫ.mɑ]

Noun

helma m

1. helm (of boat), tiller

Declension

Declension of helma (weak)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	helma	helman
accusative	helman	helman
genitive	helman	helmena
dative	helman	helmum

Descendants

• English: helm

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦelma]

Noun

helma f (genitive singular helmy, nominative plural helmy, genitive plural heliem, declension pattern of žena)

1. helmet

Declension

Declension of helma

	singular	plural
nominative	helma	helmy
genitive	helmy	heliem
dative	helme	helmám
accusative	helmu	helmy
locative	helme	helmách
instrumental	helmou	helmami

Further reading

• “helma”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024