gyrus

English

Etymology

From Latin gȳrus (“circle”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros). Doublet of gyro and gyre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒaɪɹəs/

Noun

gyrus (plural gyri or gyruses)

1. (anatomy) A fold or ridge on the cerebral cortex of the brain.

   Synonym: (dated) gyre

Coordinate terms

• sulcus

 

Derived terms

• angular gyrus
• cingulate gyrus
• dentate gyrus
• fornicate gyrus
• frontal gyrus
• fusiform gyrus
• gyrification
• gyriform
• gyrus rectus
• Heschl's gyrus
• hippocampal gyrus
• inferior frontal gyrus
• infracalcarine gyrus
• lingual gyrus
• macrogyria
• microgyria
• middle frontal gyrus
• occipital gyrus
• occipitotemporal gyrus
• orbital gyrus
• parahippocampal gyrus
• polygyria
• polymicrogyria
• postcentral gyrus
• precentral gyrus
• superior frontal gyrus
• superior temporal gyrus
• supramarginal gyrus
• temporal gyrus
• transverse temporal gyrus

 

Translations

anatomy

• Belarusian: зві́ліна f (zvílina)
• Bulgarian: изви́вка (bg) f (izvívka)
• Catalan: circumvolució (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 腦回／脑回 (zh) (nǎohuí), 回 (zh) (huí)

• Czech: závit (cs) m
• Dutch: gyrus m, hersenwinding f
• Finnish: aivopoimu
• French: circonvolution cérébrale (fr) f, gyrus (fr) m
• German: Gyrus (de) m
• Japanese: 脳回 (のうかい, nōkai)
• Korean: 뇌회 (noehoe)
• Portuguese: giro (pt) m, circunvolução f, convolução f
• Russian: изви́лина (ru) f (izvílina)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: вијуга f

  Roman: vijuga (sh) f

• Ukrainian: зви́вина f (zvývyna)
• Vietnamese: hồi não

See also

• girus

 

Anagrams

• surgy

Finnish

Etymology

< Latin gyrus

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡyːrus/, [ˈɡyːrus̠]
• Rhymes: -yːrus

Noun

gyrus

1. (medical terminology) Synonym of aivopoimu (“gyrus”).

Declension

Inflection of gyrus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		gyrus	gyrukset
genitive		gyruksen	gyrusten gyruksien
partitive		gyrusta	gyruksia
illative		gyrukseen	gyruksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		gyrus	gyrukset
accusative	nom.	gyrus	gyrukset
	gen.	gyruksen
genitive		gyruksen	gyrusten gyruksien
partitive		gyrusta	gyruksia
inessive		gyruksessa	gyruksissa
elative		gyruksesta	gyruksista
illative		gyrukseen	gyruksiin
adessive		gyruksella	gyruksilla
ablative		gyrukselta	gyruksilta
allative		gyrukselle	gyruksille
essive		gyruksena	gyruksina
translative		gyrukseksi	gyruksiksi
abessive		gyruksetta	gyruksitta
instructive		—	gyruksin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of gyrus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative gyrukseni gyrukseni accusative nom. gyrukseni gyrukseni gen. gyrukseni genitive gyrukseni gyrusteni gyruksieni partitive gyrustani gyruksiani inessive gyruksessani gyruksissani elative gyruksestani gyruksistani illative gyrukseeni gyruksiini adessive gyruksellani gyruksillani ablative gyrukseltani gyruksiltani allative gyrukselleni gyruksilleni essive gyruksenani gyruksinani translative gyruksekseni gyruksikseni abessive gyruksettani gyruksittani instructive — — comitative — gyruksineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative gyruksesi gyruksesi accusative nom. gyruksesi gyruksesi gen. gyruksesi genitive gyruksesi gyrustesi gyruksiesi partitive gyrustasi gyruksiasi inessive gyruksessasi gyruksissasi elative gyruksestasi gyruksistasi illative gyrukseesi gyruksiisi adessive gyruksellasi gyruksillasi ablative gyrukseltasi gyruksiltasi allative gyruksellesi gyruksillesi essive gyruksenasi gyruksinasi translative gyrukseksesi gyruksiksesi abessive gyruksettasi gyruksittasi instructive — — comitative — gyruksinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative gyruksemme gyruksemme accusative nom. gyruksemme gyruksemme gen. gyruksemme genitive gyruksemme gyrustemme gyruksiemme partitive gyrustamme gyruksiamme inessive gyruksessamme gyruksissamme elative gyruksestamme gyruksistamme illative gyrukseemme gyruksiimme adessive gyruksellamme gyruksillamme ablative gyrukseltamme gyruksiltamme allative gyruksellemme gyruksillemme essive gyruksenamme gyruksinamme translative gyrukseksemme gyruksiksemme abessive gyruksettamme gyruksittamme instructive — — comitative — gyruksinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative gyruksenne gyruksenne accusative nom. gyruksenne gyruksenne gen. gyruksenne genitive gyruksenne gyrustenne gyruksienne partitive gyrustanne gyruksianne inessive gyruksessanne gyruksissanne elative gyruksestanne gyruksistanne illative gyrukseenne gyruksiinne adessive gyruksellanne gyruksillanne ablative gyrukseltanne gyruksiltanne allative gyruksellenne gyruksillenne essive gyruksenanne gyruksinanne translative gyrukseksenne gyruksiksenne abessive gyruksettanne gyruksittanne instructive — — comitative — gyruksinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative gyruksensa gyruksensa accusative nom. gyruksensa gyruksensa gen. gyruksensa genitive gyruksensa gyrustensa gyruksiensa partitive gyrustaan gyrustansa gyruksiaan gyruksiansa inessive gyruksessaan gyruksessansa gyruksissaan gyruksissansa elative gyruksestaan gyruksestansa gyruksistaan gyruksistansa illative gyrukseensa gyruksiinsa adessive gyruksellaan gyruksellansa gyruksillaan gyruksillansa ablative gyrukseltaan gyrukseltansa gyruksiltaan gyruksiltansa allative gyrukselleen gyruksellensa gyruksilleen gyruksillensa essive gyruksenaan gyruksenansa gyruksinaan gyruksinansa translative gyruksekseen gyrukseksensa gyruksikseen gyruksiksensa abessive gyruksettaan gyruksettansa gyruksittaan gyruksittansa instructive — — comitative — gyruksineen gyruksinensa

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈɡyː.rus/, [ˈɡyːrʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒi.rus/, [ˈd͡ʒiːrus]

Noun

gȳrus m (genitive gȳrī); second declension

1. circle
2. a circular motion
3. a circuit, course, ring
4. (by extension) place where horses are trained

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	gȳrus	gȳrī
genitive	gȳrī	gȳrōrum
dative	gȳrō	gȳrīs
accusative	gȳrum	gȳrōs
ablative	gȳrō	gȳrīs
vocative	gȳre	gȳrī

Derived terms

• gȳrō

Related terms

• gȳrātus

Descendants

• Aromanian: giur
• English: gyre, gyrus
• French: girolle
• Friulian: gîr
• Italian: giro
• Romanian: jur, girus
• Portuguese: giro
• Spanish: giro
• Translingual: Anagyrus

References

• “gyrus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “gyrus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gyrus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.