γῦρος

See also: γυρός and γύρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to curve, to bend”), the same source as Old Armenian կոր (kor), Lithuanian gur̃nas (“ankle, hip, bone”), and Norwegian kaure (“curly lock of hair”). See also γυῖον (guîon, “hand, limbs”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡŷː.ros/ → /ˈʝy.ros/ → /ˈʝi.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡŷː.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡy.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝy.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝy.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈʝi.ros/

Noun

γῦρος • (gûros) m (genitive γῡ́ρου); second declension

1. ring, circle

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ γῦρος; τοῦ γῡ́ρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γῦρος ho gûros	τὼ γῡ́ρω tṑ gū́rō	οἱ γῦροι hoi gûroi
Genitive	τοῦ γῡ́ρου toû gū́rou	τοῖν γῡ́ροιν toîn gū́roin	τῶν γῡ́ρων tôn gū́rōn
Dative	τῷ γῡ́ρῳ tôi gū́rōi	τοῖν γῡ́ροιν toîn gū́roin	τοῖς γῡ́ροις toîs gū́rois
Accusative	τὸν γῦρον tòn gûron	τὼ γῡ́ρω tṑ gū́rō	τοὺς γῡ́ρους toùs gū́rous
Vocative	γῦρε gûre	γῡ́ρω gū́rō	γῦροι gûroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• γυρός (gurós, “round”)

Descendants

• Greek: γύρος (gýros)
• → Latin: gȳrus (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “γῦρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γῦρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γῦρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γῦρος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• γῦρος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften