grava

See also: gravá, gravà, and gräva

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈɡɾa.βə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈɡɾa.və]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈɡɾa.va]

Etymology 1

From Old French grave (“sandbank”).

Noun

grava f (plural graves)

1. gravel

Derived terms

• engravar
• gravenc
• gravera
• graveta

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

grava

1. inflection of gravar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “grava” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “grava”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “grava” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “grava” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Esperanto

Etymology

From French, Italian and English grave, ultimately from Latin gravis. Compare German gravitätisch.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡrava]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ava
• Hyphenation: gra‧va

Adjective

grava (accusative singular gravan, plural gravaj, accusative plural gravajn)

1. important
   • 2000, Wolfgang Kirschstein, “Tolstoj instigas ankoraŭ hodiaŭ”, in La Ondo de Esperanto‎^[1], volume 11, number 73, archived from the original on 11 May 2013:

     Resurekto kaj pasko estas la plej gravaj okazintaĵoj en la ortodoksa kredo, sed ĉe Tolstoj ne temas pri tiu resurekto aŭ iu transmonda miraklo.

     The Resurrection and Easter are the most important events in the orthodox belief, but Tolstoy's work isn't about that resurrection or any otherworldly miracle.

2. serious, grave
   • 1912, E. Ĉefeĉ, "Pluaj argumentoj por pruvi, ke la teorio: "La radikoj en Esperanto havas gramatikan karakteron" kontraustaras la intencojn de la fundamento"[2]:

     Grava danĝero por la estonteco de nia lingvo kuŝas, laŭ mia opinio, en la akcepto de tiu propono.

     A serious danger for the future of our language lies, in my opinion, in the acceptance of that proposal.

Antonyms

• malgrava (“unimportant, trivial”)

Derived terms

• gravaĵo (“something important”)
• grave (“importantly”)
• graveco (“importance”)
• gravi (“to be important”)
• gravulo (“important person, VIP”)
• ne gravas (“it’s not important; it doesn't matter”)

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse grafa (“to dig”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

grava (third person singular past indicative gróv, third person plural past indicative gróvu, supine grivið)

1. to dig

Conjugation

Conjugation of grava (group v-60)
infinitive	grava
supine	grivið
participle (a26)1	gravandi	grivin
	present	past
first singular	gravi	gróv
second singular	grevur	gróv(st)
third singular	grevur	gróv
plural	grava	gróvu
	imperative
singular	grav!
plural	gravið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

French

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

grava

1. third-person singular past historic of graver

Ido

Adjective

grava

1. heavy, weighty

Synonyms

• pezoza

Antonyms

• lejera

Italian

Verb

grava

1. inflection of gravare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Latin

Verb

gravā

1. second-person singular present active imperative of gravō

References

• grava in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• graven

Noun

grava m or f

1. definite feminine singular of grav

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡrɑːʋɑ/

Noun

grava f

1. definite singular of grav

Etymology 2

From Old Norse grafa, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Alternative forms

• grave (e infinitive)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ɡrɑːʋɑ/

Verb

grava (present tense grev, past tense grov, past participle grave, passive infinitive gravast, present participle gravande, imperative grav)

1. dig

   Kor djupt har du tenkt å grava?

   How deep do you intend to dig?

References

• “grava” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• græva

Etymology

From Old Norse grafa, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.

Verb

grava

1. to dig
2. to bury

Conjugation

Conjugation of grava (strong)

	present			past
infinitive	grava			—
participle	gravandi, gravande			gravin
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	graver	gravi, grave	—	grōf	grōvi, grōve
þū	graver	gravi, grave	graf	grōft	grōvi, grōve
han	graver	gravi, grave	—	grōf	grōvi, grōve
vīr	gravum, gravom	gravum, gravom	gravum, gravom	grōvum, grōvom	grōvum, grōvom
īr	gravin	gravin	gravin	grōvin	grōvin
þēr	grava	gravin	—	grōvu, grōvo	grōvin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	grafs	gravis, graves	—	grōfs	grōvis, grōves
þū	grafs	gravis, graves	—	grōfts	grōvis, grōves
han	grafs	gravis, graves	—	grōfs	grōvis, grōves
vīr	gravums, -oms	gravums, gravoms	—	grōvums, grōvoms	grōvums, grōvoms
īr	gravins	gravins	—	grōvins	grōvins
þēr	gravas	gravins	—	grōvus, grōvos	grōvins

Descendants

• Swedish: grava, gräva

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.vɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.vɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.va/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.vɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.vɐ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.bɐ/ [ˈɡɾa.βɐ]

• Rhymes: -avɐ, (Northern Portugal) -abɐ
• Hyphenation: gra‧va

Verb

grava

1. inflection of gravar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French graver.

Verb

a grava (third-person singular present gravează, past participle gravat) 1st conjugation

1. to engrave

Conjugation

    conjugation of grava (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

infinitive			a grava
gerund			gravând
past participle			gravat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	gravez	gravezi	gravează	gravăm	gravați	gravează
	imperfect	gravam	gravai	grava	gravam	gravați	gravau
	simple perfect	gravai	gravași	gravă	gravarăm	gravarăți	gravară
	pluperfect	gravasem	gravaseși	gravase	gravaserăm	gravaserăți	gravaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să gravez	să gravezi	să graveze	să gravăm	să gravați	să graveze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		gravează			gravați
	negative		nu grava			nu gravați

Related terms

• gravare
• gravat
• gravor
• gravură

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾaba/ [ˈɡɾa.β̞a]
• Rhymes: -aba
• Syllabification: gra‧va

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Catalan grava (“gravel”).

Noun

grava f (plural gravas)

1. gravel

   Synonym: gravilla

Descendants

• → Bikol Central: graba
• → Cebuano: graba
• → Hiligaynon: grabas
• → Tagalog: graba

Etymology 2

Verb

grava

1. inflection of gravar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “grava”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swedish

Etymology

Formed from grav (“grave”), referring to burying fish in the ground.

Verb

grava (present gravar, preterite gravade, supine gravat, imperative grava)

1. (cooking) to dry-cure with a mix of salt, sugar, and spices (commonly salmon, herring, or common whitefish, but also used for red meat)

Conjugation

Conjugation of grava (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	grava		gravas
Supine	gravat		gravats
Imperative	grava		—
Imper. plural1	graven		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	gravar	gravade	gravas	gravades
Ind. plural1	grava	gravade	gravas	gravades
Subjunctive2	grave	gravade	graves	gravades
	Participles
Present participle	gravande
Past participle	gravad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• gravlax

Related terms

• gravning

See also

• rimma (“salt-cure”)

Adjective

grava

1. inflection of grav:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

References

• grava in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• grava in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• grava in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)