grípa

See also: gripa and gripă

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse grípa, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grasp, grab”). Cognate with Norwegian gripe, Swedish gripa, Danish gribe, English gripe, Dutch grijpen, German greifen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkriːpa/

  Rhymes: -iːpa

Verb

grípa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative greip, third-person plural past indicative gripu, supine gripið)

1. to catch an object

   að grípa bolta ― to catch a ball (that has been thrown)

   að grípa á lofti ― to catch an object before it touches the ground

2. to grab, clasp, grip, grasp

   Gríptu í höndina mína. ― Grab my hand!

   Hann greip tækifærið. ― He seized the opportunity.

3. to catch someone in the act

   grípa einhvern glóðvolgan ― catch someone red-handed

4. to arrest someone
5. to grasp (understand)

Conjugation

grípa – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að grípa
supine sagnbót		gripið
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		grípandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	gríp	greip		grípi	gripi
	þú	grípur	greipst		grípir	gripir
	hann, hún, það	grípur	greip		grípi	gripi
plural	við	grípum	gripum		grípum	gripum
	þið	grípið	gripuð		grípið	gripuð
	þeir, þær, þau	grípa	gripu		grípi	gripu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	gríp (þú), gríptu
plural	þið	grípið (þið), grípiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

grípast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að grípast
supine sagnbót		gripist
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		grípandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	grípst	greipst		grípist	gripist
	þú	grípst	greipst		grípist	gripist
	hann, hún, það	grípst	greipst		grípist	gripist
plural	við	grípumst	gripumst		grípumst	gripumst
	þið	grípist	gripust		grípist	gripust
	þeir, þær, þau	grípast	gripust		grípist	gripust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	grípst (þú), grípstu
plural	þið	grípist (þið), grípisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

gripinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	gripinn	gripin	gripið	gripnir	gripnar	gripin
accusative (þolfall)	gripinn	gripna	gripið	gripna	gripnar	gripin
dative (þágufall)	gripnum	gripinni	gripnu	gripnum	gripnum	gripnum
genitive (eignarfall)	gripins	gripinnar	gripins	gripinna	gripinna	gripinna
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	gripni	gripna	gripna	gripnu	gripnu	gripnu
accusative (þolfall)	gripna	gripnu	gripna	gripnu	gripnu	gripnu
dative (þágufall)	gripna	gripnu	gripna	gripnu	gripnu	gripnu
genitive (eignarfall)	gripna	gripnu	gripna	gripnu	gripnu	gripnu

Derived terms

• grípa fram í (“to interrupt someone speaking”)
• grípa í tómt (“for nothing to be there when one goes to get it”)
• grípa til einhvers (“to resort to something”)
• grípa gæsina meðan hún gefst (“to use an opportunity while it lasts”)
• grípa einhvern glóðvolgan (“catch someone red-handed”)

References

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *grīpaną.

Verb

grípa (singular past indicative greip, plural past indicative gripu, past participle gripinn)

1. to grab

Conjugation

Conjugation of grípa — active (strong class 1)

infinitive	grípa
present participle	grípandi
past participle	gripinn
	indicative			subjunctive
	present	past		present	past
1st person singular	gríp	greip		grípa	gripa
2nd person singular	grípr	greipt		grípir	gripir
3rd person singular	grípr	greip		grípi	gripi
1st person plural	grípum	gripum		grípim	gripim
2nd person plural	grípið	gripuð		grípið	gripið
3rd person plural	grípa	gripu		grípi	gripi
imperative	present
2nd person singular	gríp
1st person plural	grípum
2nd person plural	grípið

Conjugation of grípa — mediopassive (strong class 1)

infinitive	grípask
present participle	grípandisk
past participle	gripizk
	indicative			subjunctive
	present	past		present	past
1st person singular	grípumk	gripumk		grípumk	gripumk
2nd person singular	grípsk	greipzk		grípisk	gripisk
3rd person singular	grípsk	greipsk		grípisk	gripisk
1st person plural	grípumsk	gripumsk		grípimsk	gripimsk
2nd person plural	grípizk	gripuzk		grípizk	gripizk
3rd person plural	grípask	gripusk		grípisk	gripisk
imperative	present
2nd person singular	grípsk
1st person plural	grípumsk
2nd person plural	grípizk

Descendants

• Icelandic: grípa
• Faroese: grípa
• Norwegian Bokmål: gripe
• Norwegian Nynorsk: gripa
• Old Swedish: grīpa
  • Swedish: gripa
• Danish: gribe