freno

See also: frenó, frenò, and freno-

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈfɾɛ.nu]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈfɾə.no]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈfɾe.no]

Verb

freno

1. first-person singular present indicative of frenar

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from French frein, Italian freno, Spanish freno, Portuguese freio, from Latin frēnum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfreno/
• Rhymes: -eno

Noun

freno (plural freni)

1. brake (mechanism used to stop a car in motion)

Derived terms

• frenagar (“to brake”)

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfre.no/, /ˈfrɛ.no/
• Rhymes: -eno, -ɛno
• Hyphenation: fré‧no, frè‧no

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin frēnum.

Noun

freno m (plural freni)

1. brake
2. (figurative) check, curb, control, restraint

   Synonyms: controllo, limite, restrizione

3. bit (of a horse)

Related terms

• frenare
• frenaggio
• frenata
• frenatura
• frenulo

Descendants

• → Greek: φρένο (fréno)

See also

• briglia

Further reading

• freno in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
• freno in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

freno

1. first-person singular present indicative of frenare

Anagrams

• nefro-

Latin

Etymology

From frēnum (“bridle”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈfreː.noː/, [ˈfreːnoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfre.no/, [ˈfrɛːno]

Verb

frēnō (present infinitive frēnāre, perfect active frēnāvī, supine frēnātum); first conjugation

1. to fit a bridle
2. to curb, restrain, check or brake
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.522–523:

     “Ō Rēgīna, novam cui condere Iuppiter urbem
     iūstitiāque dedit gentīs frēnāre superbās, [...].”

     “O Queen, to whom Jupiter granted [dominion] to found a new city and to restrain proud peoples with justice, [...].”

Conjugation

   Conjugation of frēnō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	frēnō		frēnās		frēnat		frēnāmus		frēnātis		frēnant
	imperfect	frēnābam		frēnābās		frēnābat		frēnābāmus		frēnābātis		frēnābant
	future	frēnābō		frēnābis		frēnābit		frēnābimus		frēnābitis		frēnābunt
	perfect	frēnāvī		frēnāvistī		frēnāvit		frēnāvimus		frēnāvistis		frēnāvērunt, frēnāvēre
	pluperfect	frēnāveram		frēnāverās		frēnāverat		frēnāverāmus		frēnāverātis		frēnāverant
	future perfect	frēnāverō		frēnāveris		frēnāverit		frēnāverimus		frēnāveritis		frēnāverint
passive	present	frēnor		frēnāris, frēnāre		frēnātur		frēnāmur		frēnāminī		frēnantur
	imperfect	frēnābar		frēnābāris, frēnābāre		frēnābātur		frēnābāmur		frēnābāminī		frēnābantur
	future	frēnābor		frēnāberis, frēnābere		frēnābitur		frēnābimur		frēnābiminī		frēnābuntur
	perfect	frēnātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	frēnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	frēnātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	frēnem		frēnēs		frēnet		frēnēmus		frēnētis		frēnent
	imperfect	frēnārem		frēnārēs		frēnāret		frēnārēmus		frēnārētis		frēnārent
	perfect	frēnāverim		frēnāverīs		frēnāverit		frēnāverīmus		frēnāverītis		frēnāverint
	pluperfect	frēnāvissem		frēnāvissēs		frēnāvisset		frēnāvissēmus		frēnāvissētis		frēnāvissent
passive	present	frēner		frēnēris, frēnēre		frēnētur		frēnēmur		frēnēminī		frēnentur
	imperfect	frēnārer		frēnārēris, frēnārēre		frēnārētur		frēnārēmur		frēnārēminī		frēnārentur
	perfect	frēnātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	frēnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		frēnā		—		—		frēnāte		—
	future	—		frēnātō		frēnātō		—		frēnātōte		frēnantō
passive	present	—		frēnāre		—		—		frēnāminī		—
	future	—		frēnātor		frēnātor		—		—		frēnantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		frēnāre			frēnārī, frēnārier1			frēnāns			—
future		frēnātūrum esse			frēnātum īrī			frēnātūrus			frēnandus
perfect		frēnāvisse			frēnātum esse			—			frēnātus
future perfect		—			frēnātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		frēnātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		frēnandī		frēnandō		frēnandum		frēnandō		frēnātum		frēnātū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

• dēfrēnātus
• effrēnō
• infrēnō
• refrēnō

Descendants

• Asturian: sofronar, esfronar
• Italian: frenare (possibly)
• Old French: frener
• Portuguese: frear; → frenar
• Sicilian: frinari
• Spanish: frenar (possibly)
• → French: freiner

Noun

frēnō

1. dative/ablative singular of frēnum

References

• “freno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “freno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• freno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) with loose reins: freno remisso; effusis habenis
    

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɾeno/ [ˈfɾe.no]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eno
• Syllabification: fre‧no

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin frēnum. Cognate with Portuguese freio and French frein.

Noun

freno m (plural frenos)

1. (automotive) brake (device used to slow or stop the motion of a wheel or vehicle)
2. bit (piece of metal placed in a horse's mouth and connected to the reins to direct the animal)
3. check, restraint (control, limit, or stop)
4. (in the plural, Mexico) braces (device for straightening teeth)

Derived terms

• cinta de frenos
• disco de freno
• freno de disco
• freno de mano
• freno de tambor
• líquido de frenos
• luz de freno
• pastilla de freno
• pastilla de frenos
• tascar el freno

Related terms

• desenfrenado
• enfrenar
• frenar

Descendants

• → Bikol Central: preno
• → Cebuano: preno
• → Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: frenu
• → Southeastern Tepehuan: piriiñ
• → Tagalog: preno

Etymology 2

Verb

freno

1. first-person singular present indicative of frenar

Further reading

• “freno”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Anagrams

• freón